Polyester spandex npuag tau hloov pauv cov poj niam niaj hnub khaub ncaws los ntawm kev muab kev nplij siab uas tsis sib haum, yoog raws, thiab ua haujlwm ntev. Cov poj niam ntu suav nrog kev lag luam loj tshaj plaws, uas tau tsav los ntawm kev muaj koob meej ntawm kev ncaws pob thiab cov khaub ncaws, suav nrog leggings thiab yoga ris. Innovations zoo liRib ntaubthiabScuba Suedetxhim kho versatility, thaum muaj kev xaiv zoo liDARLON FABRIChais txog eco-conscious neeg xav tau. Ntiaj teb no polyester spandex npuag manufacturers tau ntsib cov kev xav tau no nrog advanced textile technology thiab robust tis networks.
Ntsiab Cai
- Polyester spandex ntaub yog heev comfy thiab stretchy, zoo meej rau sportswear thiab xws li outfits.
- Cov neeg tsim khoom sab saum toj tsom rau kev ua tus phooj ywg hauv eco los ntawm kev siv cov qauv ntsuab thiab cov thev naus laus zis tshiab los thov cov neeg yuav khoom.
- Kev xaiv tus tsim khoom zoo tshaj plaws txhais tau tias kuaj xyuas qhov zoo, ua haujlwm ntev, thiab kev siv zog hauv eco rau cov ntaub muaj zog thiab stretchy.
Sab saum toj 10 Polyester Spandex Fabric Manufacturers nyob rau hauv 2025
Invista
Invista sawv ua tus thawj coj thoob ntiaj teb hauv kev tsim polyester spandex npuag, muaj npe nrov rau nws lub npe Lycra. Lub hom phiaj no tau dhau los ua qhov sib txawv nrog cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws stretchable, catering rau ntau yam kev siv xws li activewear, lingerie, thiab overcoats. Lub tuam txhab tseem ceeb heev rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho tau ua rau cov kev daws teeb meem tshiab spandex uas ua tau raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau. Invista txoj kev ua kom ruaj khov, suav nrog kev koom tes nrog cov hom zam los tsim cov khoom lag luam eco-phooj ywg spandex, ntxiv dag zog rau nws cov khoom lag luam. Nrog rau kev ncav cuag thoob ntiaj teb, Invista tseem ua tus thawj tswj hwm kev lag luam textile.
| Metric | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Brand Recognition | Invista's Lycra hom yog ib qho zoo sib xws nrog cov ntaub zoo stretchable. |
| Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Txhim Kho Kom Pom Zoo | Lub tuam txhab hais txog R & D, ua rau cov kev daws teeb meem tshiab ntawm spandex rau ntau tus neeg siv khoom xav tau. |
| Sustainability Efforts | Kev koom tes nrog cov hom zam los tsim eco-friendly spandex khoom txhim kho kev lag luam muaj nyob. |
| Ntiaj teb no ncav cuag | Invista tuav txoj kev sib tw hauv kev lag luam textile vim nws qhov dav thoob ntiaj teb ncav cuag. |
Hyosung
Hyosung Corporation tau cemented nws txoj hauj lwm ua tus tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam polyester spandex npuag. Lub tuam txhab cov cuab yeej cuab tam creora® spandex thev naus laus zis muaj qhov ua tau zoo dua qub thiab ua haujlwm ntev, ua rau nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev siv xws li khaub ncaws kis las mus rau kev kho mob textiles. Hyosung tswj ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub nqaim ntaub spandex kev ua lag luam, nrog rau Invista thiab Taekwang Industrial Co., Ltd., koom ua ke tuav ntau dua 60% ntawm kev ua lag luam. Nws cov chaw tsim khoom thoob ntiaj teb hauv Kaus Lim Qab Teb, Tuam Tshoj, Nyab Laj, thiab Qaib Cov Txwv kom txo cov sij hawm txhuas, muab kev sib tw kom zoo dua.
- Hyosung's creora® spandex technology muab tshwj xeeb elasticity thiab durability.
- Lub tuam txhab tuav patents rau eco-friendly spandex variants, hais txog qhov kev thov rau cov ntaub ntawv ruaj khov.
- Cov chaw tsim khoom thoob ntiaj teb txo cov sij hawm txhuas los ntawm 30-40% piv rau cov neeg sib tw.
Toray Industries
Toray Industries ua tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim cov polyester spandex fabrics, leveraging nws cov txuj ci siab heev. Lub tuam txhab koom tes nrog cov xov paj ua cov nroj tsuag thiab cov tuam txhab thev naus laus zis los xyuas kom muaj kev tswj hwm nruj. Nws cov khoom muab suav nrog cov xov paj ua haujlwm raws li cov neeg siv khoom tshwj xeeb, xws li ncab thiab dej tsis zoo. Toray lub peev xwm los ua ke cov hluavtaws thiab ntuj fibers hauv woven thiab knitted textiles ntxiv txhim kho nws cov versatility.
| Performance Indicator | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Kev Tswj Xyuas Zoo | Kev tswj xyuas kom zoo yog ua kom ntseeg tau los ntawm kev koom tes nrog cov xov paj ua cov nroj tsuag thiab cov tuam tsev thev naus laus zis. |
| Cov Khoom Muag | Kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo raws li nylon thiab polyester fibers, suav nrog cov xov paj ua haujlwm. |
| Kev Txawj Ntse | Kev siv Toray Group qhov kev tsim khoom thiab thev naus laus zis muaj peev xwm rau kev sib tw zoo thiab tus nqi. |
Nan Ya Plastics Corporation
Nan Ya Plastics Corporation tuav lub lag luam muaj zog nyob rau hauv Asia, tshwj xeeb hauv polyester fiber, zaj duab xis, thiab resin ntau lawm. Lub tuam txhab kev txawj ntse hauv polyester spandex fabric manufacturing tau ua nws lub npe ntseeg hauv kev lag luam. Nws tsom ntsoov rau qhov zoo thiab kev tsim kho tshiab kom ntseeg tau tias nws tseem yog tus neeg muag khoom nyiam rau ntau daim ntawv thov, suav nrog cov tsho loj thiab cov khaub ncaws ua haujlwm.
| Lub tuam txhab npe | Kev ua lag luam nyob | Yam khoom |
|---|---|---|
| Nan Ya Plastics Corporation | Muaj zog hauv Asia | Polyester fiber, zaj duab xis, cob |
| Mossi Ghisolfi Group | Muaj zog hauv Tebchaws Europe / Asmeskas | Polyester cob, PET |
Far Eastern New Century
Far Eastern New Century tau tsim nws tus kheej ua tus pioneer hauv kev ruaj ntseg polyester spandex npuag ntau lawm. Lub tuam txhab koom ua ke eco-phooj ywg kev coj ua rau hauv nws cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, ua raws li qhov kev thov loj hlob rau cov ntaub ntawv ruaj khov. Nws txoj hauv kev tshiab rau kev siv tshuab fabrics ua kom cov khoom lag luam zoo uas haum rau ntau yam kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam.
Filatex Is Nrias teb
Filatex Is Nrias teb tau tshwm sim los ua lub npe tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam polyester spandex npuag. Lub tuam txhab tsom mus rau kev tsim kho tshiab thiab kev ua tau zoo tau ua rau nws tsim cov ntaub uas ua tau raws li cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb. Nws cov khoom siv dav dav suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog rau activewear, overcoats, thiab lwm yam kev siv.
Reliance Industries
Reliance Industries yog ib lub tuam txhab loj tshaj plaws ntawm polyester fiber ntau thiab cov xov paj thoob ntiaj teb, nrog rau txhua xyoo muaj peev xwm ntawm kwv yees li 2.5 lab tonnes. Qhov kev muaj peev xwm dav dav no qhia txog nws txoj kev tswj hwm hauv kev lag luam polyester spandex npuag. Lub tuam txhab kev cog lus rau kev ua tau zoo thiab kev tsim kho tshiab kom ntseeg tau tias nws tseem yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov tuam txhab thoob ntiaj teb.
- Reliance Industries tsim kwv yees li 2.5 lab tonnes ntawm polyester fiber txhua xyoo.
- Nws lub peev xwm dav ua rau nws ua tus thawj coj hauv kev lag luam polyester spandex npuag.
Sanathan Textiles
Sanathan Textiles tau ua haujlwm tseem ceeb rau polyester spandex sector los ntawm nws txoj kev siv peev xwm thiab kev nthuav dav. Lub tuam txhab tsis ntev los no tau nqis peev hauv 6-acre chaw los ua ob npaug ntawm nws cov peev txheej polyester, ua tau raws li qhov xav tau hauv tsev loj hlob. Polyester tso nyiaj rau 77% ntawm nws cov nyiaj tau los, qhia txog nws txoj kev lag luam muaj zog.
| Qhov taw qhia | Paub meej |
|---|---|
| Kev nthuav dav | Kev nqis peev hauv 6-acre chaw ua kom muaj peev xwm ua tau ob npaug polyester rau 225,000 tons. |
| Kev siv peev xwm | Ua tiav 95% kev siv peev txheej hauv 3-5 xyoo dhau los. |
| Nyiaj tau los pab | Polyester suav txog 77% ntawm cov nyiaj tau los, qhia tias muaj kev lag luam tseem ceeb. |
Kayavlon Impex
Kayavlon Impex ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam polyester spandex npuag, muab ntau yam khoom lag luam kom tau raws li qhov xav tau thoob ntiaj teb. Lub tuam txhab tsom mus rau qhov zoo thiab kev pheej yig tau ua rau nws nyiam cov neeg siv khoom lag luam thoob ntiaj teb.
Thai polyester
Thai Polyester tau txais kev lees paub rau nws cov khoom zoo polyester spandex fabrics. Lub tuam txhab kev cog lus rau kev tsim kho tshiab thiab kev ruaj khov ua kom ntseeg tau tias nws tseem yog tus neeg sib tw hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm Leading Polyester Spandex Fabric Manufacturers
Innovation hauv Fabric Technology
Cov thawj coj polyester spandex npuag tuam txhab lag luam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau loj hlob rau cov khoom siv ua haujlwm siab. Kev tsim kho tshiab hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tau txhim kho kev tsim khoom tau zoo, ua rau lub sijhawm hloov pauv sai. Cov tuam txhab tam sim no koom ua ke cov ntaub ntawv ntse rau hauv lawv cov khoom, qhia cov yam ntxwv zoo li kev tswj dej noo thiab tswj qhov kub thiab txias. Automation, artificial txawj ntse, thiab Internet ntawm Yam (IoT) ntxiv txhim khu cov khoom zoo thaum txo cov khoom pov tseg.
Qhov nce ntawm kev ua tau zoo-taw qhia cov khaub ncaws kuj tau tsav kev tsim kho tshiab. Cov neeg tsim khoom siv cov txheej txheem xws li seamless knitting thiab laser-txiav qhov cua los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm thiab kev nplij siab. Cov kev nce qib no ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntaub tsis tsuas yog ua tau raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau rau kev ua haujlwm ntev thiab yooj yim.
Kev cog lus rau Sustainability
Sustainability tseem yog lub hauv paus rau sab saum toj manufacturers. Nrog rau kev tsim fiber ntau ob npaug hauv ob lub xyoo dhau los, tuam txhab lag luam tau txais kev coj ua hauv eco-phooj ywg los txo cov kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig. Cov ntawv pov thawj zoo li B Corp, Cradle2Cradle, thiab Ntiaj Teb Organic Textile Standard (GOTS) tau lees paub lawv txoj kev cog lus rau kev tsim khoom lag luam.
Kev lag luam zam thoob ntiaj teb, muaj nuj nqis ntawm $ 2.5 trillion hauv 2017, tau pom muaj kev nce siab hauv kev siv khaub ncaws. Txhawm rau daws qhov no, cov tuam txhab tsom mus rau kev txo cov khib nyiab thiab siv cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab. Cov kev siv zog no ua raws li kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom loj zuj zus rau cov khoom lag luam ib puag ncig.
Cov khoom lag luam thiab kev xaiv Customization
Cov tuam txhab lag luam sab saum toj muab cov khoom lag luam dav dav thiab cov kev xaiv kho kom haum raws li kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam sib txawv. Tshwj xeeb polyester blends, xws li cov ua ke nrog spandex, txhim khu kev ua tau zoo ntawm ntaub los ntawm muab ntxiv stretch thiab kev nplij siab. Cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm zoo li cov dej noo-wicking thiab tiv thaiv UV ua rau cov ntaub no haum rau cov kev siv tshwj xeeb, suav nrog cov khaub ncaws hnav thiab cov khaub ncaws hnav.
| Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Tshwj xeeb Fabric Zoo | Polyester sib xyaw nrog spandex rau txhim kho stretch thiab xis nyob. |
| Functional Features | Customization xaiv muaj xws li ya raws-wicking thiab UV tiv thaiv ntaub. |
| Cov khoom siv dav dav | Cov khoom muaj xws li T-shirts, Poloshirts, thiab Jackets rau ntau lub sijhawm. |
Ntiaj teb no kev ua lag luam muaj thiab faib
Kev ncav cuag thoob ntiaj teb ntawm polyester spandex npuag manufacturers xyuas kom meej tias lawv cov khoom siv tau thoob plaws ntau thaj tsam. Cov tuam txhab lag luam loj tau siv cov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws ntawm spandex thiab nqis peev ntau hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho kom haum rau ntau yam kev siv. Cov neeg ua si tshiab tsom mus rau kev sib tw nqi thiab kev sib koom tes zoo los nkag mus rau kev lag luam hauv tsev thiab xa tawm.
| Hom Chaw tsim khoom | Cov tswv yim tseem ceeb | Ua lag luam tsom |
|---|---|---|
| Chaw tsim tshuaj paus loj | Advanced spandex daws, R & D peev | Ntau yam kev siv |
| Emerging Player | Cov nqi sib tw, kev sib koom tes zoo | Kev lag luam hauv tsev thiab export |
| Zoo tsom | Cov kev coj ua ruaj khov, kev siv tshiab | Niche kev lag luam |
| Cov tuam txhab tsim | Ntau lawm efficiency, khoom zoo | Ntau tus neeg siv khoom xav tau |
| Eco-Friendly Focus | Sustainable manufacturing, R & D peev | Kev ua haujlwm fabrics |
Los ntawm kev tswj hwm lub ntiaj teb kev faib khoom muaj zog, cov tuam txhab lag luam no xyuas kom txo cov sij hawm txhuas thiab cov khoom lag luam zoo ib yam, ntxiv dag zog rau lawv lub khw muag khoom.
Cov lus sib piv ntawm Sab saum toj Polyester Spandex Fabric Manufacturers
Zoo thiab Durability
Cov tuam txhab lag luam sab saum toj muab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm ntev kom tau raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau rau cov ntaub ntev ntev. Polyester spandex blends, xws li 90/10 los yog 88/12 ratios, muab qhov zoo tshaj plaws tshuav nyiaj li cas ntawm stretch thiab qauv rau garments zoo li lub caij ntuj sov golf luv. Cov khoom sib xyaw no ua kom lub teeb yuag thaum tuav lub cev. Polyester-raws li hoodies qhia tau zoo heev wrinkle thiab shrinkage kuj, khaws cov xim vibrant txawm tias tom qab ntxuav ntau. Kev ntsuam xyuas kev ncab thiab rov qab qhia tau tias spandex fabrics stretch ntawm 20% thiab 40%, ua rau lawv haum rau cov ris tsho nruj uas yuav tsum tau ua kom yooj yim thiab ruaj khov. Blends nrog 80% polyester thiab 20% spandex muab plaub-txoj kev ncab, ceev-qhuav zog, thiab zoo dua xim tuav, ntxiv dag zog rau lawv cov kev thov rau activewear thiab xws li khaub ncaws.
Sustainability Initiatives
Sustainability tseem yog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb rau cov tuam txhab ua lag luam. Lifecycle Assessments (LCA) ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam ib puag ncig ntawm cov ntaub thoob plaws hauv lawv lub neej, ua kom pom tseeb hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom. Lub Made-By Benchmark qeb fibers raws li lub tsev cog khoom pa emissions thiab dej siv, pab manufacturers txheeb xyuas cov cheeb tsam rau kev txhim kho. Lub Higg Materials Sustainability Index muab cov qhab nia muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam ib puag ncig los ntawm kev tsim khoom mus rau cov khoom kawg. Cov kev ntsuas no qhia txog kev lag luam txoj kev cog lus los txo nws cov ecological hneev taw thaum ua tau raws li qhov kev thov loj hlob rau eco-friendly textiles.
| Metric | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Kev ntsuas lub neej (LCA) | Ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam ib puag ncig ntawm ib yam khoom thoob plaws hauv nws lub neej. |
| Ua los ntawm Benchmark | Qib fibers raws li cov qauv zoo li cov pa hluav taws xob hauv tsev cog khoom thiab kev siv dej. |
| Higg Materials Sustainability Index | Muab cov qhab nia sustainability raws li kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig los ntawm kev tsim khoom mus rau cov khoom kawg. |
Nqe thiab Nqis
Tus nqi sib txawv hauv polyester spandex npuag kev lag luam qhia txog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov nqi ntawm cov khoom siv raw, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, thiab kev lag luam xav tau. Kev hloov pauv hauv cov nqi polyester thiab paj rwb ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau cov nqi ntaub. Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm tuaj yeem txo cov nuj nqis, ua rau cov ntaub ntawv pheej yig dua rau cov neeg siv khoom. Kev xav tau nce ntxiv rau cov khaub ncaws zoo thiab xis nyob kuj tseem ua rau tus nqi sib tw, raws li cov tuam txhab lag luam nqis peev hauv eco-friendly cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov qauv tsim tshiab.
- Cov nqi raw khoom: Polyester thiab paj rwb tus nqi cuam tshuam rau cov ntaub affordability.
- Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom: Cov txheej txheem tsim tau zoo txo tus nqi thiab txhim kho kev siv tau zoo.
- Kev Ua Lag Luam: Cov neeg siv khoom nyiam rau cov khaub ncaws ruaj khov cuam tshuam rau cov tswv yim tsim nqi.
Cov neeg siv khoom txhawb nqa thiab kev pabcuam
Cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab metrics qhia qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov kev pabcuam tomqab muag uas muab los ntawm cov tuam ntxhab. CSAT ntsuas qib siab raws li cov neeg siv khoom tawm tswv yim, thaum CES ntsuas qhov yooj yim ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam nrog cov kev pabcuam txhawb nqa. Qhov Kev Pab Txhawb Kev Ua Tau Zoo ua ke nrog ntau yam ntawm kev pabcuam zoo, muab kev nkag siab txog kev ua haujlwm tag nrho. NPS ntsuas cov neeg siv khoom loyalty los ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas qhov muaj feem ntawm cov lus pom zoo. Cov kev ntsuas no qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhawb nqa cov neeg siv khoom zoo hauv kev tswj hwm hom kev ntseeg siab thiab kev ua lag luam kev sib tw.
| Metric | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| CSAT | Ntsuas cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab raws li lawv cov kev paub dhau los nrog cov kev pabcuam txhawb nqa. |
| CES | Ntsuas qhov yooj yim ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam cov neeg siv khoom muaj nrog kev lag luam cov kev pabcuam thiab cov khoom lag luam. |
| Txhawb Kev Ua Tau Zoo | Reflects ntau yam ntawm cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab thiab kev pabcuam zoo. |
| NPS | Gauges cov neeg siv khoom loyalty thiab txaus siab los ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas qhov muaj feem ntawm cov lus pom zoo. |
Kev lag luam polyester spandex tseem muaj kev vam meej, tsav los ntawm cov tuam txhab ua lag luam xws li Invista, Hyosung, thiab Toray Industries. Cov tuam txhab no ua tau zoo hauv kev tsim kho tshiab, kev ruaj khov, thiab kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, ua rau lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm textiles.
- Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Lag Luam tseem ceeb:
- Lub tuam txhab Lycra tuav 25% ntawm lub ntiaj teb spandex kev lag luam sib koom, leveraging LYCRA® fiber ntau rau cov khaub ncaws hwm.
- Hyosung Corporation txib 30% ntawm lub ntiaj teb spandex muaj peev xwm, nrog rau $ 1.2 billion peev hauv Nyab Laj.
- Huafon Chemical Co., Ltd. tsim ntau tshaj 150,000 tons ntawm spandex txhua xyoo, txhim kho nws txoj kev sib tw thoob ntiaj teb.
| Qeb | Kev nkag siab |
|---|---|
| Cov tsav tsheb | Activewear muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo li breathability, thermal kuj, thiab wicking muaj nuj nqi. |
| Kev txwv | Tus nqi tsim khoom siab thiab tus nqi raw khoom tsis ruaj khov tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev lag luam loj hlob. |
| Muaj cib fim | Kev paub txog kev noj qab haus huv ntxiv thiab kev ua neej nyob tam sim no muaj txoj hauv kev loj hlob. |
Kev xaiv cov chaw tsim khoom tsim nyog rau cov poj niam hnav yog nyob ntawm cov qauv kev ua tau zoo, cov qauv zoo, thiab cov phiaj xwm kev ruaj ntseg. Cov tuam txhab uas siv cov kev coj ua hauv eco-phooj ywg thiab cov qauv tsim tshiab yuav ua rau kev ua lag luam, ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv ruaj khov thiab hloov tau yooj yim.
FAQ
Dab tsi ua rau polyester spandex ntaub zoo tagnrho rau cov poj niam hnav?
Polyester spandex npuag muaj kev ncab zoo, ua haujlwm ntev, thiab kev nplij siab. Nws lub teeb yuag thiab wrinkle kuj ua rau nws zoo meej rau activewear, xws li khaub ncaws, thiab cov khaub ncaws haum.
Yuav ua li cas manufacturers kom ntaub sustainability?
Cov tuam txhab ua lag luam tau txais kev coj ua hauv eco-phooj ywg, suav nrog kev rov ua dua polyester, txo kev siv dej, thiab siv lub zog tauj dua tshiab. Cov ntawv pov thawj zoo li GOTS thiab Cradle2Cradle siv tau lawv txoj kev cog lus rau kev ruaj khov.
Cov kev lag luam twg tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm polyester spandex fabrics?
Activewear, kis las, kev kho mob textiles, thiab swimwear industries cia siab heev rau polyester spandex fabrics. Cov kev lag luam no xav tau kev hloov pauv, ua kom ntev, thiab noo noo-wicking zog rau lawv cov khoom.
Post lub sij hawm: May-06-2025