Ndikuona momwe ukadaulo wothana ndi majeremusi m'zipatso zachipatala umathandizira. Mayankho awa amaletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti tisamere pamalo ngatinsalu yotayira madzi, nsalu yotsukira ya polyester viscosendiNsalu yotsukira ya TR spandexZotsatira zake zikunena zokha:
| Mtundu Wothandizira | Kuchepetsa Kwanenedwa | Zotsatira Zayesedwa |
|---|---|---|
| Ma linens okhala ndi Copper oxide | Kuchepa kwa 24% kwa ma HAI pa masiku 1000 achipatala | Matenda opatsirana m'chipatala (HAIs) |
| Malo olimba ndi nsalu zophatikizika zopangidwa ndi mkuwa | Kuchepa kwa 76% kwa HAIs | Matenda opatsirana m'chipatala (HAIs) |
| Nsalu zodzazidwa ndi okosidi wa mkuwa | Kutsika kwa 29% kwa zochitika zoyambitsa chithandizo cha maantibayotiki (ATIEs) | Zochitika zoyambira chithandizo cha maantibayotiki |
| Malo olimba opangidwa ndi mkuwa, nsalu zogona, ndi madiresi a odwala | Kuchepa kwa 28% kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Clostridium difficile komanso mankhwala osiyanasiyana (MDROs) | Matenda enaake (C. difficile, MDROs) |
| Ma linens opangidwa ndi Copper oxide | Kuchepa kwa 37% kwa matenda a HAI omwe amayamba chifukwa cha Clostridium difficile ndi MDROs | Matenda enaake (C. difficile, MDROs) |
| Tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta Zinc Oxide (ZnO) tokhala ndi chitosan | Kuchepa kwa Staphylococcus aureus ndi 48% ndi kuchepa kwa Escherichia coli ndi 17%. | Matenda enaake (S. aureus, E. coli) |
Ndikupangira kugwiritsa ntchitonsalu yotambasula ya polyester rayon chipatalandinsalu yotambasula ya polyester rayon ya njira zinayikuthandiza kuti malo azachipatala akhale otetezeka.
Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri
- Nsalu zotsutsana ndi mabakiteriyaGwiritsani ntchito zinthu zapadera monga mkuwa, siliva, ndi zinthu zachilengedwe kuti muletse majeremusi oopsa kukula pa zovala ndi zofunda zachipatala.
- Nsalu zimenezi zimakhalabe zogwira ntchito ngakhale zitatsukidwa ndi kuchotsedwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kangapo, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa matenda komanso kuteteza odwala ndi ogwira ntchito kukhala otetezeka.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito nsalu zophera majeremusi kumathandiza zipatala zoyera, kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa matenda, komanso kumapereka njira zotetezeka komanso zotetezeka pakhungu zomwe zimateteza anthu komanso chilengedwe.
Njira ndi Sayansi ya Nsalu Yothandizira Kusamalira Matenda a Mabakiteriya
Mitundu ya Mankhwala Oletsa Kutupa
Ndikayang'ana sayansi yomwe ili kumbuyo kwa nsalu yazaumoyo, ndimawona mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamankhwala ophera majeremusikuntchito. Chothandizira chilichonse chimagwiritsa ntchito njira yapadera yoletsa kapena kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda toopsa. Nayi tebulo lomwe likuwonetsa zinthu zodziwika bwino, momwe zimagwirira ntchito, ndi ulusi womwe zimachizira:
| Wothandizira Maantibayotiki | Njira Yochitira Zinthu | Ulusi Wamba Wogwiritsidwa Ntchito |
|---|---|---|
| Chitosan | Zimaletsa kupanga kwa mRNA ndikuletsa kunyamula kwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri | Thonje, Polyester, Ubweya |
| Zitsulo ndi Mchere wa Chitsulo (monga siliva, mkuwa, zinc oxide, titanium nanoparticles) | Amapanga mitundu ya okosijeni yogwira ntchito; amawononga mapuloteni, mafuta, ndi DNA | Thonje, Polyester, Nayiloni, Ubweya |
| N-halamine | Zimasokoneza ma enzymes a m'maselo ndi njira za metabolic | Thonje, Polyester, Nayiloni, Ubweya |
| Polyhexamethylene Biguanide (PHMB) | Zimasokoneza kukhulupirika kwa nembanemba ya selo | Thonje, Polyester, Nayiloni |
| Ma Quaternary Ammonium Compounds | Amawononga ma cell membrane, amawononga mapuloteni, amaletsa kupanga kwa DNA | Thonje, Polyester, Nayiloni, Ubweya |
| Triclosan | Amaletsa kapangidwe ka lipid ndikusokoneza nembanemba ya maselo | Polyester, Nayiloni, Polypropylene, Cellulose Acetate, Acrylic |
Nthawi zambiri ndimaona zitsulo monga siliva ndi mkuwa zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu yunifolomu yachipatala ndi zofunda. Zinthu zimenezi zimathandiza kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi m'thupi.nsalu yosamalira thanziMankhwala a Quaternary ammonium ndi chitosan amapezekanso m'zinthu zambiri za odwala komanso akatswiri azaumoyo.
Zindikirani:Miyezo yoyesera monga AATCC 100, ISO 20743, ndi ASTM E2149 imathandiza kuyeza momwe othandizira awa amagwirira ntchito m'malo enieni.
Momwe Mankhwala Amasokonezera Kukula kwa Tizilombo Tosaoneka ndi Maso
Ndapeza kuti mankhwala ophera majeremusi amagwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo kuti aletse majeremusi kukula pazipatala. Nazi njira zazikulu zomwe mankhwalawa amagwirira ntchito:
- Amaukira makoma a maselo kapena nembanemba ya mabakiteriya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maselo aphulike kapena kutuluka.
- Zina mwa zinthu, monga tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta siliva, zimatulutsa ma ayoni omwe amasokoneza mapuloteni ndi DNA mkati mwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
- Zina, monga chitosan, zimalepheretsa kachilomboka kupanga mapuloteni atsopano kapena kunyamula michere.
- Zinthu zina zimapanga mitundu ya okosijeni yomwe imawononga ziwalo zofunika kwambiri za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maselo afe.
- Mankhwala opangidwa ndi ma enzyme amatha kuwononga zigawo zoteteza za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kupha.
Mayeso a labotale amatsimikizira izi. Mwachitsanzo, ndawona maphunziro omwe nsalu zothandizidwa ndi siliva kapena zinc oxide nanoparticles zimasonyeza mphamvu yolimbana ndi mabakiteriya monga E. coli ndi Staphylococcus aureus. Asayansi amagwiritsa ntchito zida monga scanning electron microscopy kuti atsimikizire kuti zinthuzi zimamatirira ku nsaluyo ndikupitiliza kugwira ntchito akatha kutsuka. Mayeso wamba, monga ochokera ku American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, amathandiza kutsimikizira mphamvu ndi kulimba kwa mankhwalawa.
Kuchita Bwino ndi Kukhalitsa
Nthawi zonse ndimayang'ana nsalu yosamalira thanzi yomwe imagwira ntchito nthawi zambiri ndikatha kuigwiritsa ntchito komanso kuitsuka. Mankhwala abwino kwambiri ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amasonyeza kuti amagwira ntchito bwino polimbana ndi mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana, ngakhale atachotsedwa. Gome ili pansipa likuwonetsa momwe mankhwala osiyanasiyana amagwirira ntchito asanayambe komanso atachotsedwa:
| Wothandizira Maantibayotiki | BR motsutsana ndi E. coli (%) | BR motsutsana ndi K. pneumoniae (%) | BR motsutsana ndi MRSA (%) | BR pambuyo pochotsa E. coli (%) | BR pambuyo pa kuyeretsa thupi motsutsana ndi K. pneumoniae (%) | BR pambuyo pa kuyeretsa thupi motsutsana ndi MRSA (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Siliva nitrate | 99.87 | 100 | 84.05 | 97.67 | 100 | 24.35 |
| Zinki kolorayidi | 99.87 | 100 | 99.71 | 99.85 | 100 | 97.83 |
| HM4005 (QAC) | 99.34 | 100 | 0 | 65.78 | 0 | 36.03 |
| HM4072 (QAC) | 72.18 | 98.35 | 25.52 | 0 | 21.48 | 0 |
| Mafuta a mtengo wa tiyi | 100 | 100 | 99.13 | 100 | 97.67 | 23.88 |
Ndaona kuti zinc chloride ndi silver nitrate zimasunga mphamvu zawo zophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ngakhale zitatenthedwa. Mafuta a tiyi amagwiranso ntchito bwino, koma zinthu zina, monga mankhwala ena a quaternary ammonium, zimataya mphamvu zawo zambiri zitatenthedwa. Kafukufuku wa nthawi yayitali akuwonetsa kuti zokutira ndi copper oxide ndi graphene oxide zimatha kupha mabakiteriya kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Mu kafukufuku wina, nsalu zochiritsidwazi zinakhala ndi mphamvu zoposa 96% motsutsana ndi E. coli pambuyo pa theka la chaka chogwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mayeso azachipatala akutsimikizira zomwe zapezekazi. Mwachitsanzo, mapilo ndi mapepala opakidwa mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'zipatala adasunga kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya pansi pa miyezo ya ukhondo patatha sabata imodzi yogwiritsidwa ntchito. Zotsatirazi zikusonyeza kuti mankhwala oyenera opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda angapangitse nsalu za chisamaliro chaumoyo kukhala zotetezeka komanso zodalirika kwa odwala komanso ogwira ntchito.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito, Ubwino, ndi Tsogolo la Ukadaulo wa Nsalu Zaumoyo
Njira Zogwirizanitsa mu Nsalu Zaumoyo
Ndaona njira zingapo zothandiza zowonjezeramankhwala ophera majeremusiNjira zimenezi zimathandiza kuti nsaluyo ikhale yotetezeka komanso yokhalitsa.
- Njira zophikira monga kuviika m'madzi, kupopera, ndi kupopera pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa nsalu. Kupopera pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi kumapanga nanofibers zomwe zimathandizira kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
- Kuphatikizidwa mu ulusi popanga zinthu zomangira mkati, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nsaluyo ikhale yolimba komanso yosatsukidwa.
- Mankhwala omalizitsa monga chithandizo cha plasma amathandiza kuti zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito pa nsalu zisamamatire bwino.
- Ukadaulo wa nano-coating umaphatikiza zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamlingo wa mamolekyulu, zomwe zimathandiza kupewa kutuluka kwa madzi ndikusunga nsaluyo ikugwira ntchito bwino.
- Tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta siliva, ma ayoni amkuwa, ndi mankhwala a quaternary ammonium amagwira ntchito bwino ndipo amakhalapo nthawi zambiri akamatsukidwa.
- Zipatala zikugwiritsa ntchito nsalu izialengeza kuti matenda ndi ochepa komanso malo oyera.
- Mayeso wamba monga AATCC 100 ndi ISO 20743 amaonetsetsa kuti nsaluzi zikugwira ntchito bwino komanso zotetezeka.
Chitetezo, Kutsatira Malamulo, ndi Zotsatira Zenizeni
Nthawi zonse ndimaonetsetsa kuti nsalu yosamalira thanzi ikukwaniritsa malamulo okhwima achitetezo. Nsalu izi ziyenera kukhala zotetezeka pakhungu, zopanda poizoni, komanso zosawononga. Ziyenera kuletsa matenda ndikupewa kuyambitsa ziwengo. Malamulo ndi malangizo apadziko lonse lapansi amatsimikizira kuti nsaluzi zimateteza odwala ndi ogwira ntchito.
- Mankhwala ochokera ku zomera amapereka njira zotetezeka komanso zosavulaza khungu.
- Ma antimicrobial finishes amachepetsa majeremusi, fungo loipa, ndi kuwonongeka kwa nsalu.
- Mankhwala oteteza chilengedwe amachepetsa chiopsezo cha kuyabwa ndi kuipitsidwa ndi zinthu zina.
- Nsalu zimenezi zimathandiza kuletsa kufalikira kwa majeremusi m'zipatala.
Kuyesedwa pafupipafupi ndi AATCC 100 ndi ISO 20743 kumatsimikizira kuti nsalu zosamalira thanzi zimagwira ntchito nthawi zonse.
Zoganizira Zachilengedwe ndi Zatsopano
Ndimasamala za chilengedwe posankha nsalu yosamalira thanzi. Zinthu zina zimatha kutsuka ndikuwononga madzi. Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zachilengedwe kuchokera ku zomera kumapereka chisankho chotetezeka komanso chowola. Zophimba zopanda kanthu zomwe zimaletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti tisamamatire, m'malo mowapha, zimathandizanso kuteteza chilengedwe. Malingaliro atsopanowa amapangitsa nsalu yosamalira thanzi kukhala yotetezeka kwa anthu ndi dziko lapansi.
Ndikuona kuti ukadaulo wothana ndi majeremusi m'zipatala umateteza kwambiri poletsa majeremusi kukula. Zipatala zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito njirazi zimanena kuti matenda ndi ochepa. Kuwongolera matenda motsatira deta, monga ku Vanderbilt University Medical Center, kukuwonetsa kuchepa kwenikweni kwa kuchuluka kwa matenda. Ndikuyembekeza kuti kupita patsogolo kwatsopano kudzapangitsa kuti nsalu za chisamaliro chaumoyo zikhale zotetezeka komanso zothandiza kwambiri.
FAQ
N’chiyani chimasiyanitsa nsalu yoteteza ku mabakiteriya ndi nsalu wamba?
Ndimaona nsalu yolimbana ndi majeremusi ngati yapadera chifukwa imaletsa majeremusi kukula. Nsalu wamba ilibe chitetezo chotere.
Kodi mankhwala ophera maantibayotiki amatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji pa nsalu yosamalira thanzi?
Ndaona kuti mankhwala ambiri amatha kutsukidwa kangapo. Ena amagwira ntchito kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, kutengera ndi mankhwala ndi njira yotsukidwira.
Kodi nsalu zophera majeremusi n’zotetezeka pakhungu losavuta kukhudzidwa nalo?
Nthawi zonse ndimayang'ana chitetezo. Nsalu zambiri zachipatala zimagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimathandiza khungu. Ndikupangira kuti mufufuze zinthu zomwe zayesedwa kuti ziwonetsetse kuti pali ziwengo komanso kuyabwa.
Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-20-2025