Chifukwa Chake Nsalu Zakunja Zimayang'ana Kwambiri Kapangidwe Kuposa Mtundu

Nsalu zamasewera zakunja ziyenera kupirira mikhalidwe yovuta. Ndikudziwa kuti magwiridwe antchito amadalira zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa.Nsalu 100 zamasewera zakunja za polyesterimafuna kapangidwe kabwino ka nyumba. Kapangidwe kameneka kamasonyeza luso logwira ntchito. Mongawopanga nsalu zakunja, ndimakonda kwambirimphamvu ya nsalu yamaseweraIzi zikutsimikiziransalu yovala masewera akunja yokhalitsa, ngatinsalu yosalowa madzi yolukidwa yopangira zovala zolimbitsa thupi.

Mfundo Zofunika Kwambiri

• Nsalu zakunja zimafunikanyumba zolimbaIzi zimawathandiza kukhala nthawi yayitali. Ayenera kuthana ndi nyengo yovuta komanso kupsinjika maganizo.
• Mphamvu ya nsalu imachokera ku kusankha ulusi ndi mapatani oluka. Zophimba zapadera nazonsopangani nsalu kukhala zolimbaZinthu zimenezi zimathandiza nsalu kuti zisawonongeke.
• Utoto suli wofunika kwambiri kuposa mphamvu ya nsalu. Utoto ukhoza kutha msanga. Nsalu zolimba zimakutetezani kwa zaka zambiri.

Zofunika pa Nsalu Zovala Zamasewera Zakunja

Kupewa Kuwonongeka ndi Zachilengedwe

Ndimapanga nsalu zakunja zochitira masewera kuti zigwirizane ndi nyengo yovuta. Kuwala kwa dzuwa kumatha kuwononga kwambiri zinthu pakapita nthawi. Mvula ndi chinyezi siziyenera kulowa mu nsaluyo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti wovalayo akhale wouma.Mphepo ingayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulundipo zimang'ambika, makamaka pa ntchito zothamanga kwambiri. Kutentha kwambiri, kotentha komanso kozizira, kumavutanso ku ukhondo wa zinthu. Nsalu zanga zimateteza wovala ku zinthu zachilengedwe izi. Ndimaonetsetsa kuti zikukhalabe ndi ukhondo komanso magwiridwe antchito m'malo osiyanasiyana. Chitetezochi sichingakambirane za zida zakunja.

Kupirira Kupsinjika Maganizo

Zochita zakunja zimafuna nsalu zolimba kwambiri. Ndikudziwa kuti zipangizo zanga ziyenera kupirira kutambasuka panthawi yoyenda mosinthasintha. Ziyenera kuthana ndi kung'ambika chifukwa cha nthambi kapena miyala yakuthwa mosayembekezereka. Kukana kusweka ndikofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito, monga kukwawa kapena kunyamula katundu wolemera. Kukhudzidwa ndi kugwa kapena kukhudzana mopitirira muyeso sikuyenera kuwononga chitetezo cha nsaluyo. Ndimapanga nsalu izi makamaka kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito molimbika kwambiri. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti zimagwira ntchito bwino ngakhale zitakhala kuti zapanikizika nthawi zonse.Cholinga changa ndi kupewa kulepheram'mikhalidwe yovuta.

Kuonetsetsa Kuti Zinthu Zidzakhala Zolimba Kwanthawi Yaitali

Makasitomala amayembekezera kuti zida zawo zakunja zizikhala nthawi yayitali. Ndimayang'ana kwambiri pakupanga nsalu zolimbitsa thupi zakunja. Cholinga changa chachikulu ndikupewa kuwonongeka msanga. Nsalu ziyenera kupirira kuwonongeka kwa nthawi yayitali zikagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zikuphatikizapo kusamba mobwerezabwereza, kuumitsa, komanso kuwonetsedwa ku zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Ndimazipanga kuti zipirire maulendo ambiri komanso maulendo ovuta. Kutalika kwa nthawi yayitali ndi chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri kwa ine, chomwe chikuwonetsa kufunika kwenikweni kwa uinjiniya wa nsalu. Ndikufuna kuti ogwiritsa ntchito azidalira zida zawo kwa zaka zambiri.

Zinthu Zachilengedwe Zothandiza Pantchito Yabwino Kwambiri

Kapangidwe ka Ulusi ndi Kuluka

Ndikudziwa kuti kusankha ulusi ndikofunikira kwambiri pa ntchito ya nsalu yakunja. Ulusi wosiyanasiyana umapereka mphamvu zapadera. Mwachitsanzo,Para AramidsMonga Kevlar®, amalimbana ndi kutentha komanso mphamvu yokoka. Amalimbananso ndi kukwawa bwino. Komabe, kuwala kwa UV kumatha kuwawononga, ndipo amayamwa madzi.Meta Aramids, monga Nomex, imapereka kukana kwa lawi lamkati komanso kumva kofewa. Amasunganso utoto bwino. Koma, mphamvu zawo zokoka ndizochepa, ndipo amapereka kukana kochepa.

Inenso ndimagwiritsa ntchitoUHMWPE(Spectra®, Dyneema®) chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zapadera komanso kukana kudula. Komanso imateteza ku hydrophobic komanso UV. Komabe, imawopsezedwa ndi kutentha.VectranImakhala ndi mphamvu yabwino yokoka, yolimba, komanso yosagwirizana ndi madzi. Imapirira kutentha pang'ono. Koma, imamva bwino ku UV.PBI(polybenzimidazole) imagwira ntchito bwino kutentha kwambiri ndipo imapereka kukana kwa mankhwala. Imamveka bwino ngati yofewa. Komabe, mphamvu yake yolimba komanso kukana kukwawa ndi zochepa.

Nthawi zambiri ndimasankha zinthu zopangidwa monga 100% acrylic (Sunbrella, Outdura) ndi polyolefin ulusi (SunRite). Izi zimapangidwa kuti zikhale zolimba komanso zosamalidwa mosavuta. Zimasiyana kwambiri ndi ulusi wachilengedwe. Ndimagwiritsa ntchito utoto wa yankho pa nsalu izi. Njirayi imagwirizanitsa utoto mkati mwa ulusi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mitundu ikhale yowala komanso yowala. Zimathandizanso kukana kwa UV. Mtunduwo umalowa mu ulusi uliwonse. Izi zimapangitsa kuti nsalu zisawonongeke ndi UV. Mwachitsanzo, Sunbrella, Outdura, ndi SunRite zimakhala ndi UV fade rating ya maola 1,500. Ulusi wa acrylic ndi polyolefin mwachilengedwe umalimbana ndi madzi. Zimalimbana ndi kuyamwa madzi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zisawonongeke ndi chinyezi. Zimathandizanso kupewa nkhungu ndi bowa. Sunbrella ndi Outdura zimathandizanso kupuma bwino. Izi zimathandiza pakuwongolera nthunzi. Ulusi wa polyolefin wa SunRite ndi wopha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ndimayesa nsalu zogwira ntchito kuti ndione ngati zili zolimba pogwiritsa ntchito double rubs. Nsalu monga Sunbrella, Outdura, ndi SunRite zimatha kupirira 15,000 mpaka 100,000 double rubs. Izi zimasonyeza kukana kukanda kwapakati mpaka kwakukulu kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pafupipafupi. Ulusi wopaka utoto wa yankho umalola kuyeretsa kosavuta. Ndingagwiritse ntchito sopo ndi madzi ofatsa, kapena ngakhale njira zoyeretsera bleach pa mabala olimba. Izi siziwononga nsalu kapena kuipitsa mtundu wake.

Mapangidwe a nsalu nawonso ndi ofunika kwambiri. Ndimasankha nsalu zinazake zolukidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi mphamvu ndi ntchito yawo.

Ulusi wamba ndi wolimba. Umalimbana ndi kuvala. Ndimaugwiritsa ntchito pazinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku komanso zovala zantchito. Ulusi wa Twill ndi wolimba komanso wosinthasintha. Umabisa mabala bwino. Nthawi zambiri ndimagwiritsa ntchito zovala wamba komanso zovala zantchito. Ulusi wa Ripstop sutha kung'ambika. Uli ndi mawonekedwe a gridi. Ndi wopepuka ndipo nthawi zambiri sutha kuzizira. Ndimauona kuti ndi woyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zakunja. Izi zikuphatikizapo matumba a m'mbuyo, mahema, ndi yunifolomu yankhondo.

Zophimba Zapamwamba ndi Mankhwala

Ndimapaka zokutira zapamwamba kuti nsalu igwire bwino ntchito. Zophimbazi zimathandiza kuti nsalu isagwe ndi madzi komanso kuti mpweya uziyenda bwino. Mwachitsanzo, ndimagwiritsa ntchitopolypropylene yokutidwa. Chida chatsopanochi mwachilengedwe sichimawopa madzi. Njira yake yophikira imapanga gawo losalala komanso losapindika. Komanso silitha kung'ambika. Limapereka kukana bwino kwambiri ku zosungunulira, kuwala kwa dzuwa, ozoni, ndi zinthu zamafuta.

NdimaganiziransoZophimba za Polyurethane (PU). Ndimayika izi ngati nsalu yopyapyala pa nsalu monga polyester, nayiloni, kapena nsalu. Zimateteza madzi, zimakhala zolimba, komanso zimasinthasintha. PU mwachibadwa imaletsa madzi kulowa. Imaletsa kulowa kwa madzi. Ngakhale kuti imakhala yolimba kuposa PVC, ili ndi mpweya wambiri wa kaboni. Siimatha kupuma ndipo singabwezeretsedwenso.

Pakuteteza madzi kwambiri, nthawi zina ndimagwiritsa ntchitoVinilu (PVC). Imakwaniritsa izi kudzera mu PVC pa nsalu yoyambira. Komabe, siimatha kupumira. Siingathenso kubwezeretsedwanso. Ili ndi mapulasitiki oopsa ndipo ili ndi mpweya wambiri wa kaboni.

Inenso ndimagwiritsa ntchitoGore-Tex®. Iyi ndi kampani yodziwika bwino ya nsalu zopakidwa laminated. Ili ndi nembanemba yosalowa madzi pakati pa zigawo ziwiri za nsalu. Ndi yopepuka komanso yopumira. Mitundu ina ingakhale ndi PFAS kuti iteteze madzi. Inenso ndimayikaCholetsa Madzi Chokhalitsa (DWR)Nthawi zambiri ndimaigwiritsa ntchito pa nayiloni. Izi zimawonjezera kukana kwake madzi.

Mankhwala apadera a nsalu amathandizanso kukana kwa UV ndi kukana kukanda. Kupaka utoto wa yankho ndi njira imodzi yotere. Ndimawonjezera utoto ku ulusi wosungunuka usanatuluke. Izi zimapangitsa kuti utoto ukhale wofiirira komanso wotuluka magazi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ulusiwo ukhale wolimba. Zimaupangitsa kuti usatayike komanso usatuluke magazi. Izi zimawonjezera kukana kwa UV. Nsalu ya polypropylene ndi chitsanzo china. Ndimapanga kuchokera ku polymer ya thermoplastic. Imapereka kukana kwa UV kwabwino kwambiri. Imalimbana ndi kukanda, banga, ndi chinyezi. Nsalu za polyolefin zimapangidwa ndi ulusi wopangidwa. Zimachokera ku propylene, ethylene, kapena olefins. Ndi zopepuka, zosakanizika, komanso zosakanizika. Zimakhalanso ndi utoto wabwino. Polyester imalimbana ndi kutambasuka, kuwola, nkhungu, mildew, ndi kukanda. Imakhalanso ndi kukana kwa UV kwabwino. Ndimagwiritsa ntchito mayeso a 'double rub' kapena abrasion. Izi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito mayeso a Wyzenbeek Abrasion. Imayesa kuthekera kwa nsalu kupirira kukanda pamwamba. Izi zikusonyeza kulimba kwake pakugwiritsa ntchito panja.

Uinjiniya wa Kusuntha ndi Kutupa

Ndimapanga nsalu zakunja zochitira masewera kuti zipirire kukwawa kwambiri. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri m'malo ovuta. Kapangidwe ka nsalu ndi kuchulukana kwa nsalu ndizofunikira kwambiri. Nsalu zolukidwa bwino kapena zolukidwa bwino zimapewa kukangana bwino. Nsalu zolukidwa bwino komanso zopindika nthawi zambiri zimakhala zolimba kuposa nsalu za satin. Izi zili choncho chifukwa chakuti sizisuntha ulusi kwambiri. Kukhuthala kwa ulusi ndi zinthu zomwe zili mkati mwake n'kofunikanso. Nsalu zolemera zotsutsa ndi ulusi wokhuthala, monga denim ya 14oz, zimapirira nthawi zambiri kukangana. Zimawonetsa kuwonongeka pambuyo pake. Nsalu zokhuthala zimakhala zolimba kwambiri. Nsalu zolemera nthawi zambiri zimakhala zolimba kwambiri. Nsalu zooneka ngati zakuda kwambiri sizimasweka mosavuta chifukwa cha kukangana. Nsalu zopanda fuzz kapena pilling zochepa zimapewa kuwonongeka kwa pamwamba. Nsalu zokhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira zimapereka kukana kwakukulu kwa kukangana. Zimapirira kukangana bwino.

Ndimamanga molimba. Ulusi wina wachilengedwe ndi njira zolukira zimateteza kwambiri ku kukwawa. Zitsanzo zimaphatikizapo nsalu zolukidwa zolimba monga denim, canvas, ndi chikopa. Izi zimakhala ndi kapangidwe kolimba komanso ulusi wolimba komanso wolimba. Ndimagwiritsanso ntchito nsalu zopangidwa kuti zikhale zolimba. Nsalu monga Kevlar ndi nayiloni zimapangidwa pamlingo wa mamolekyulu. Zimalimbana ndi kukwawa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kwambiri.

Ndimagwiritsanso ntchito zipangizo zapamwamba monga Dyneema®. Uwu ndi ulusi wa polyethylene wolemera kwambiri (UHMWPE). Ndimaupanga kuti ukhale wolimba nthawi 15 kuposa chitsulo. Dyneema® Woven Composites ili ndi kapangidwe ka magawo awiri. Imaphatikiza nsalu yolukidwa bwino ya Dyneema® ndi ukadaulo wa Dyneema®. Kapangidwe kameneka kamapereka mphamvu yapadera, kukana kukwawa, komanso kulimba. Ndi kothandiza kwambiri pakakhala zovuta zambiri komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali.

Ndimagwiritsanso ntchito nsalu zophimbidwa ndi silicone. Nsaluzi zimaphatikizapo kuwonjezera silicone wosanjikiza pa maziko a fiberglass. Silicone imapereka kulimba ndi kusinthasintha. Izi zimapangitsa nsaluyo kukhala yosang'ambika komanso yosawonongeka ndi makina. Imaperekanso chitetezo cha chinyezi ndi UV. Nsalu zophimbidwa ndi PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) ndi njira ina. Ndimapanga nsalu ngati Z-Tuff™ F-617 PTFE poyika chophimba cha PTFE pa fiberglass. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pamwamba pake pakhale posalala, komanso popanda mankhwala. Zimapereka kulimba motsutsana ndi kusweka, chinyezi, komanso kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe. Zimaperekanso kukhazikika kwa kutentha komanso kukana mankhwala.

Chifukwa Chake Mtundu Ndi Wachiwiri mu Nsalu Zakunja

Kutha Kwachibadwa kwa Kutha

Ndikumvetsa kuti kutha kwa utoto ndi vuto lalikulu pa nsalu zakunja. Kuwonekera m'malo ozungulira kumayambitsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa utoto. Kuwonongeka kwa zithunzi ndiye vuto lalikulu.Kuwala kwa UVndipo kuwala kooneka kuchokera ku dzuwa ndiko kumayambitsa izi. Kuwala kwa UV-A ndi UV-B kumafika Padziko Lapansi. Kumawononga ndikupanga ma covalent bond mkati mwa ulusi wa polima. Izi zimakhudza kapangidwe ka kristalo ndi kosakhala kristalo. Utoto umakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuwala kwa UV. Kuwala kwawo kumadalira zinthu zambiri. Izi zikuphatikizapo kutalika kwa nthawi ya kuwala, kapangidwe ka mamolekyu a utoto, ndi momwe thupi lilili. Kuchuluka kwa utoto, mtundu wa ulusi, ndi mordant yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito nayonso imagwira ntchito. Zinthu zanyengo monga kutentha ndi chinyezi zimakhudzanso kuwala kwa utoto.