Imyenda y'ishuri irambye irimo guhindura uburyo tubona imideli mu burezi. Gushyiramo ibikoresho bibungabunga ibidukikije nkaumwenda w'ishuri wa polyester 100%naumwenda wa polyester rayonbifasha kugabanya imyanda. Gukoreshaumwenda w'ishuri ukozwe mu buryo bwihariyebyongera ubwiza n'uburyo abanyeshuri barushaho gukora ibintu bitandukanye. Izi ntambwe muigishushanyo mbonera cy'imyenda y'ishuriNtibishyize imbere gusa kuramba no kugabanya ikiguzi, ahubwo binashimangira kubungabunga ibidukikije.
Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe
- Imyenda y'ishuri idahumanya ibidukikijekoresha ipamba y’umwimerere na polyester ikoreshwa mu kongera gukoreshwa. Ibi bifasha kugabanya imyanda no kwangiza ibidukikije.
- Imyenda ifite imiterere myinshi iraryoshye kandi yoroshye kuyikoresha. Ikora neza mu bikorwa bitandukanye n'ikirere.
- Imyenda ikomeye imara igihe kirekirekuzigama amafaranga y'imiryango. Bakeneye abasimbura bake kandi akenshi bashobora gukosorwa.
Iterambere ry'imyenda y'ishuri
Kuva ku muco gakondo kugeza ku kigezweho
Imyenda y'ishuri ifite amateka ashimishije ahera mu mico ya kera. Muri icyo gihe, imyenda y'ishuri yakoreshwaga nk'uburyo bwo gutandukanya abanyeshuri no guteza imbere ubumwe. Mu gihe cyo hagati, amashuri y'abihaye Imana yakoreshaga imyenda y'ishuri kugira ngo igaragaze ikinyabupfura n'ituze. Mu kinyejana cya 19, igitekerezo cya none cy'imyenda y'ishuri cyatangiye kwigaragaza, cyane cyane mu Bwongereza nyuma y'Itegeko ry'Uburezi ryo mu 1870. Iri tegeko ryatumye uburezi bugera ku bana benshi, kandi imyenda y'ishuri yabaye ikimenyetso cy'uburinganire n'ubwuzuzanye.
Muri iki gihe, imyenda y'ishuri yarahindutse cyane. Ntabwo ihagarariye imigenzo gusa ahubwo inagaragaza indangagaciro zigezweho. Amashuri ubu ashyira imbere ibidukikije, ubwisanzure, no kwiha agaciro mu miterere yayo. Urugero, ibigo byinshi byahinduye imyambarire isanzwe kandi ishimishije.Ibikoresho birambyezigenda zikoreshwa cyane, kandi uburyo bwo guhindura ibintu butuma abanyeshuri bagaragaza umwihariko wabo. Izi mpinduka zigaragaza uburyo imyenda y'ishuri yahindutse kugira ngo ihuze n'ibyo umuryango wa none ukeneye.
Ikiguzi cy'imyenda yambarwa ku bwinshi ku bidukikije
Imyenda y'ishuri ikorwa ku bwinshi ihenda cyane ku bidukikije. Inganda z'imideli, harimo n'imyenda y'ishuri, zigira uruhare runini mu 10% by'ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ku isi. Byongeye kandi, imyenda irenga 85%, harimo n'imyenda, irangira ijugunywe mu myanda buri mwaka, bigatuma toni miliyari 21 z'imyanda zipfa ubusa. Imyenda mibi ikunze gusaza mu gihe cy'umwaka, bigatuma imyanda irushaho kwiyongera.
Gutunganya imyenda gakondo y’ishuri akenshi bishingiye ku buryo budahoraho. Ibi ntibikuraho umutungo kamere gusa ahubwo binateza umwanda mwinshi. Mu guhindura ibikoresho bibungabunga ibidukikije n’uburyo bwo gukora, dushobora kugabanya izi ngaruka mbi. Amashuri n’abakora imyenda bagomba gufata inshingano zo gukoresha uburyo burambye bwo kurinda isi yacu.
Imbogamizi ku myenda isanzwe y'ishuri
Ingaruka ku bidukikije z'imyenda y'ishuri idahoraho
Ikorwa ry'imyenda isanzwe y'ishuri ifite umwihariko ukomeye ku bidukikije. Nabonye ko ibikoresho by'ubukorikori nka polyester, bikunze gukoreshwa mu myenda y'ubukorikori, bifite imiterere myinshi ya karuboni ugereranije n'imyenda karemano nk'ipamba cyangwa umwenda w'ishati. Iyi myenda y'ubukorikori inagira uruhare mu kwangiza ibidukikije mu nyanja iyo yogejwe, ibi bikaba bibangamira urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima byo mu nyanja igihe kirekire. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bwo gusiga amarangi ku myenda akenshi bwangiza inzira z'amazi kandi bukangiza urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima byo mu gace runaka iyo budacunzwe neza.
Ikindi kintu cyo gusuzuma ni aho ibicuruzwa bikorerwa. Urugero, imyenda ikorerwa mu Bushinwa ifite ubwinshi bwa karuboni bungana na 40% ugereranyije n’ikorwa muri Turukiya cyangwa i Burayi. Ibi biterwa no kuba amakara akoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi mu nganda z’Abashinwa. Ibi bibazo bigaragaza ko amashuri n’inganda zikora ibikoresho byihutirwa zigomba kongera gutekereza ku buryo bwo gukora ibikoresho bingana.
Ibibazo by'ubukungu ku miryango
Ikiguzi cy'imyenda y'ishuri gishobora guteza umutwaro uremereye imiryango, cyane cyane abafite amikoro make. Urugero, muri Nouvelle-Zélande, igiciro cy'imyenda kiri hagati ya NZ$80 na NZ$1.200 kuri buri munyeshuri. Nasomye ko hafi 20% by'abanyeshuri bo mu turere tw'ubukungu buhanitse bahangayikishijwe n'ubushobozi bw'ababyeyi babo bwo kwishyura ayo mafaranga. Abarimu bo mu mashuri menshi ndetse batangaje ko abanyeshuri batashoboraga kugura ibikoresho byose bisabwa by'imyenda y'ishuri. Iri hungabana ry'amafaranga rikunze gutuma imiryango ifata amahitamo agoye, ashobora kugira ingaruka ku cyizere cy'abanyeshuri no kumva ko ari bo bonyine.
Imikorere mike no kwihuza n'imimerere
Imyenda gakondo y'ishuri ikunze kubura ubushobozi bwo kwambara mu buzima bwa none bw'abanyeshuri. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko iyi myenda idakora cyane ku mikorere y'amasomo cyangwa ku iterambere ry'amarangamutima. Ariko, ishobora kubuza abantu kwigaragaza no kunanirwa kwakira ibibazo bitandukanye. Nabonye ko ibi ari ukuri cyane cyane ku bakobwa n'abanyeshuri bakomoka mu mico itandukanye. Imiterere isanzwe ntabwo ikunze kujyana n'ikirere cyangwa imyitozo ngororamubiri itandukanye, bigatuma idakoreshwa mu buzima bwa buri munsi. Uku kutagira imikorere bishimangira ko hakenewe amahitamo y'imyenda isanzwe kandi ihuza abantu bose.
Ibiranga imyenda iramba kandi ikora byinshi
Imyenda y'ishuri irinda ibidukikije n'uburyo bwo kuyikora
Imyenda y'ishuri irambye itangirira kuibikoresho birengera ibidukikijen'imikorere. Nabonye ko abakora ibintu byinshi ubu bashyira imbere insinga z'umwimerere nka ipamba, hemp, na bamboo, zihingwa nta miti yangiza. Ibikoresho bisubirwamo, nka polyester ikomoka mu macupa ya pulasitiki, nabyo bigira uruhare runini mu kugabanya imyanda. Byongeye kandi, amarangi make akozwe mu masoko karemano abungabunga amazi n'ingufu mu gihe bigabanya kwangiza ibidukikije. Ubu bushya butuma imyenda y'ishuri idahura n'amahame y'ubuziranenge gusa ahubwo inahuza n'intego zo kubungabunga ibidukikije.
Inama: Guhitamo imyenda ikozwe mu bikoresho by’umwimerere cyangwa byasubijwemo bifasha kugabanya karuboni mu gihe bishyigikira ibidukikije.
Imiterere inyuranye ikoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye n'ikirere
Imyenda y'ishuri igezweho igomba guhuza n'ibyo abanyeshuri bakeneye. Imiterere y'ibikoresho byinshi ituma imyenda y'ishuri ihinduka neza hagati y'ibikorwa byo mu ishuri, uburezi bw'imyitozo ngororamubiri, na gahunda za nyuma y'ishuri. Ibiranga nk'imyenda ihumeka mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe n'amahitamo yo mu mezi y'ubukonje byongera ihumure no gukoreshwa neza. Imiterere mito kandi yorohereza abanyeshuri kuvanga no guhuza ibintu, bigatuma imyenda irushaho kuba myiza. Iyi miterere itekerejweho neza ituma imyenda ikomeza kuba ingirakamaro kandi ifite isura nziza mu mwaka wose w'ishuri.
Kuramba no gukoreshwa igihe kirekire
Kuramba ni inkingi y'ingenziimyenda y’ishuri ihoraho. Imyenda y’ishuri ifite ireme ryo hejuru, nk’ipamba cyangwa hemp, ituma umuntu aramba ariko ikagabanya ingaruka ku bidukikije. Ubudozi bukomejwe n’uburyo bworoshye bwo kudoda no gukwirakwira neza bifasha abana bakura, bigatuma buri mwenda uramba. Hari n’ibigo bitanga garanti cyangwa serivisi zo gusana, bigaragaza ko biyemeje gukora isuku. Imyenda ifite imikorere myinshi yongera ubushobozi bwo gukoreshwa binyuze mu gukora ibintu byinshi, kuva kuri siporo kugeza ku myambarire isanzwe. Ibi bituma imyenda ihoraho iba amahitamo meza kandi adafite ingaruka ku bidukikije.
- Ibintu by'ingenzi biramba birimo:
- Kudoda gukomeye kugira ngo wongere imbaraga.
- Imikandara n'imitako bishobora guhindurwa ku banyeshuri bakura.
- Ibikoresho byoroshye gusukura bizigama umwanya n'ingufu.
Uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha no kongera gukoresha imyenda y'imyenda isanzwe
Iyo imyenda y’imyenda igeze ku iherezo ry’ubuzima bwayo, kongera gukoresha no kongera gukoresha ibikoresho bitanga ibisubizo birambye. Imiryango ishobora guha abandi imyenda y’imyenda itarakuze, ikagabanya imyanda no gushyigikira abaturage. Imiryango yo mu gace ikunze korohereza gahunda zo gusangira imyenda y’imyenda, bigatuma byoroha kongera igihe cyo kumara iyo myenda. Imiterere yoroshye n’ibirango bishobora gukuraho nabyo bituma imyenda y’imyenda ishobora kongera gukoreshwa mu buryo butari ubwo ku ishuri. Mu kugabanya ibirango no gukoresha imyambarire gakondo, abakora imyenda borohereza imiryango gutanga cyangwa kugurisha imyenda y’imyenda yakoreshejwe, bakareba ko izakomeza kuba ingirakamaro mu myaka iri imbere.
Icyitonderwa: Kwitabira gahunda zo gusana ibikoresho bishya ntabwo bifasha gusa ibidukikije ahubwo binafasha imiryango kuzigama amafaranga.
Udushya n'abayobozi mu myambarire irambye
Ibirango byatangije imyenda y'ishuri irambye
Ibigo byinshi byafashe iya mbere mu guhindura imyenda y’ishuri, aho iy’ishuri rishobora kubungabungwa. Urugero, David Luke yazanye amabaraza akozwe muri polyester yasubiwemo, ashyiraho urugero rw’amabaraza ya mbere ashobora kongera gukoreshwa. Kwibanda ku kuramba kwabo bituma aya mbaraza aramba, bigabanya imyanda. Mu buryo nk’ubwo, Banner, imwe mu sosiyete nini zicuruza imyenda y’ishuri, yageze kuri 75% mu bikorwa byayo. Nk’ikigo cyemewe cya B Corp, Banner igaragaza ko yiyemeza cyane gukurikiza amahame mbwirizamuco n’ibidukikije.
| Ikirango | Imikorere Irambye | Urwego rw'Uburambe ruriho ubu |
|---|---|---|
| David Luka | Abahanga mu bya politiki basubiranyemo polyester mu mablazeri kandi bakora iblazeri ya mbere ishobora kongera gukoreshwa. Yibanda ku kuramba no kuba nziza. | Ntabyo |
| Ibendera | Umwe mu batanga imyenda y’ishuri banini bagamije kubungabunga ibidukikije 100%, ubu uri kuri 75%. Yabaye B Corp agaragaza ko yiyemeje gukurikiza amahame yo hejuru agenga ibidukikije n’amahame mbwirizamuco. | 75% |
Izi sosiyete zigaragaza uburyo udushya mu myenda y’ishuri ishobora guhuza n’intego z’ibidukikije mu gihe ikomeza kugira ireme n’igiciro.
Gahunda z'abaturage zo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho mu buryo bumwe no kongera gukoresha ibikoresho mu buryo bumwe
Gahunda ziyobowe n'abaturage zigira uruhare runini mu guteza imbere imikorere irambye. Nabonye ingero zitanga ibitekerezo, nk'ibikorwa bya Antrim na Newtownabbey Borough Council byo gushyigikira gutunganya imyenda y'ishuri. Gahunda yabo ikubiyemo ubushakashatsi bwimbitse n'ubufatanye n'imiryango yo mu gace kugira ngo basangire imyenda y'ishuri mu mashuri yose. Ibintu birenga 5.000 byatanzwe n'amashuri arenga 70 mu mwaka umwe, bigaragaza imbaraga z'ibikorwa rusange.
Icyitonderwa: Izi ngamba ntizigabanya gusa imyanda ahubwo zinakemura ikibazo cy’ihungabana mu muryango. Urugero, igurishwa ry’imyenda ryagenze neza ryakusanyije £1,400, bigaragaza ko imyenda isubiwemo ishobora kuba ifatika kandi yemewe mu muryango.
Byongeye kandi, gahunda nk'izi zikunze kongera ingaruka zazo binyuze mu gushyigikira gahunda z'impunzi. Ibikoresho birenga 1.000 byatanzwe ku mpunzi, bigaragaza uburyo ibidukikije bishobora guhuzwa n'inshingano z'imibereho myiza.
Iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga ry'imyenda mu rwego rwo gukomeza
Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga mu gukora imyenda ryazamuye cyane ubwiza bw'imyenda y'ishuri. Ibikoresho nk'ipamba y'umwimerere na hemp bisaba amikoro make kugira ngo bikure kandi bishobora kubora. Lyocell, ikozwe mu biti bikomoka ku bimera birambye, ikoresha uburyo bwo gukora bufunganye bugabanya imyanda.
| Ibikoresho | Ibyiza |
|---|---|
| Ipamba y'umwimerere | Iyo ihinzwe nta miti yangiza, ikoresha amazi make n'ingufu nke, yoroshye kandi ihumeka neza. |
| Kapok | Ntikeneye imiti yica udukoko cyangwa ifumbire mvaruganda, ibora, yoroheje, yoroshye, igabanya ubushuhe. |
| Lyocell | Byakozwe mu biti bikomoka ku bimera birambye, bikorerwa mu buryo bufunze, bishobora kubora, kandi bikoresha amazi make. |
| Imyenda y'amatafari | Bisaba amikoro make kugira ngo bikure, bishobore kubora, kandi birambe. |
| Hemp | Gukoresha amazi make, nta miti yica udukoko, imbaraga zikomeye, zishobora guhumeka, kandi zirwanya udukoko. |
Udushya ntabwo twongera ireme ry’imyenda y’ishuri gusa, ahubwo tunagabanya ingaruka zayo ku bidukikije. Binyuze mu gukoresha ibikoresho birengera ibidukikije n’amahame mbwirizamuco, abakora iyo myenda bashobora gukora imyenda ikora neza kandi irambye.
Ibyiza byo kwambara imyenda ihoraho
Kugabanya imyanda no kubungabunga umutungo
Imyenda ihoraho igira uruhare runini mu kugabanya imyanda no kubungabunga umutungo kamere. Nabonye uburyo inganda z'imideli, harimo n'imyenda y'ishuri, zigira uruhare runini muri 10% by'imyanda ihumanya ikirere ku isi. Imyenda irenga 85%, harimo n'imyenda isanzwe, ishyirwa mu myanda buri mwaka, bigatuma habaho toni miliyari 21 z'imyanda.Ibikoresho by'ubukorikori, ikoreshwa cyane mu myenda gakondo, bifata imyaka amagana kugira ngo ibora, bigatera umwanda mu gihe kirekire.
Guhindura ujya kuriimyenda irinda ibidukikijenk'ipamba cyangwa ipamba ry'umwimerere bigabanya cyane iyi ngaruka. Ibi bikoresho bibora vuba kandi birinda kurekura microplastics zangiza mu bidukikije. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bwo gukora mu buryo burambye bukoresha umutungo muto, nk'amazi n'ingufu, ugereranije n'uburyo busanzwe. Mu guhitamo imyenda isanzwe, amashuri n'imiryango bishobora kugabanya cyane ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije.
InamaGuhitamo imyenda ikozwe mu bikoresho bishobora kubora cyangwa kongera gukoreshwa bifasha mu kurinda isi ku bazavuka.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Werurwe-25-2025