Ndiyayibona indlela ubuchwepheshe bokubulala iintsholongwane kwilaphu lezempilo obuyenza ngayo umahluko. Ezi zisombululo zithintela iintsholongwane eziyingozi ukuba zingakhuli kwiindawo ezifanailaphu lokugxotha amanzi, ilaphu lokuhlikihla le-viscose le-polyesterkunyeIlaphu lokuhlikihla le-TR spandexIziphumo ziyazithethela zona:
| Uhlobo lokungenelela | Ingxelo yokunciphisa | Isiphumo Esilinganisiweyo |
|---|---|---|
| Iilinen ezifakwe i-copper oxide | Ukuncipha kwama-24% kwi-HAIs ngeentsuku ezili-1000 zesibhedlele | Izifo ezifumaneka esibhedlele (ii-HAI) |
| Iindawo eziqinileyo kunye neelinen ezidityanisiweyo ezifakwe ubhedu | Ukuncipha kwe-76% iyonke kwi-HAIs | Izifo ezifumaneka esibhedlele (ii-HAI) |
| Iimpahla ezifakwe i-copper oxide | Ukuncipha kwama-29% kwiziganeko zokuqalisa unyango lwe-antibiotics (ATIEs) | Iziganeko zokuqalisa unyango lwe-antibiotic |
| Iindawo eziqinileyo ezidityaniswe ngobhedu, amalaphu okulala, kunye neengubo zezigulane | Ukuncipha ngama-28% kwiClostridium difficile kunye ne-multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) | Iintsholongwane ezithile (C. difficile, MDROs) |
| Iilinen ezifakwe i-copper oxide | Ukuncipha kwama-37% kwi-HAIs okubangelwa yiClostridium difficile kunye ne-MDROs | Iintsholongwane ezithile (C. difficile, MDROs) |
| Ii-nanoparticles zeZinc Oxide (ZnO) ezine-chitosan | Ukuncipha kwama-48% kwi-Staphylococcus aureus kunye nokuncipha kwama-17% kwi-Escherichia coli | Iintsholongwane ezithile (S. aureus, E. coli) |
Ndicebisa ukusebenzisaIlaphu leyunifomu yesibhedlele ye-polyester rayon yolulakwayeIlaphu le-polyester rayon elineendlela ezineukunceda ukugcina iindawo zonyango zikhuselekile.
Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe
- Amalaphu okubulala iintsholongwanesebenzisa izinto ezikhethekileyo ezifana nekopolo, isilivere, kunye nezinto zendalo ukuthintela ukukhula kweentsholongwane eziyingozi kwiimpahla zasesibhedlele nakwiibhedi.
- Ezi laphu zihlala zisebenza nangona zihlanjwe kwaye zicocwa kaninzi, zinceda ekunciphiseni usulelo kwaye zigcine izigulana kunye nabasebenzi bekhuselekile.
- Ukusebenzisa amalaphu okhathalelo lwempilo alwa neentsholongwane kuxhasa izibhedlele ezicocekileyo, kunciphisa amazinga osulelo, kwaye kunika iindlela ezikhuselekileyo nezilungele ulusu ezikhusela abantu kunye nokusingqongileyo.
Iindlela kunye neSayensi yeLaphu lezeMpilo le-Antimicrobial
Iintlobo zeearhente ze-Antimicrobial
Xa ndijonga isayensi engasemva kwenkangeleko yezempilo, ndibona uluhlu olubanzi lweiiarhente zokulwa neentsholongwaneemsebenzini. Iarhente nganye isebenzisa indlela eyahlukileyo yokuthintela okanye ukubulala iintsholongwane eziyingozi. Nantsi itheyibhile ebonisa ezona arhente zixhaphakileyo, indlela ezisebenza ngayo, kunye neefayibha ezizinyangayo:
| Iarhente ye-Antimicrobial | Indlela Yokwenza | Iifayibha eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenzisiweyo |
|---|---|---|
| IChitosan | Ithintela ukwenziwa kwe-mRNA kwaye ithintela ukuthuthwa kwezinto ezibalulekileyo ezinyibilikayo | Umqhaphu, iPolyester, uboya |
| IiMetals kunye neeMetallic Salts (umz., isilivere, ithusi, i-zinc oxide, i-titanium nanoparticles) | Ivelisa iintlobo zeoksijini ezisebenzayo; yonakalisa iiproteni, ii-lipids, i-DNA | Umqhaphu, iPolyester, iNylon, uboya |
| I-N-halamine | Iphazamisana nee-enzymes zeseli kunye neenkqubo ze-metabolic | Umqhaphu, iPolyester, iNylon, uboya |
| I-Polyhexamethylene Biguanide (PHMB) | Iphazamisa ukuthembeka kwe-membrane yeseli | Umqhaphu, iPolyester, iNylon |
| Iikhompawundi ze-Ammonium zeQuaternary | Yonakalisa ii-membrane zeseli, i-denatures proteins, ithintela ukwenziwa kwe-DNA | Umqhaphu, iPolyester, iNylon, uboya |
| I-Triclosan | Ithintela ukwenziwa kwamafutha kwaye iphazamise i-membrane yeseli | I-Polyester, iNylon, iPolypropylene, iCellulose Acetate, iAcrylic |
Ndihlala ndibona izinyithi ezifana nesilivere kunye nobhedu zisetyenziswa kwiyunifomu yesibhedlele kunye neebhedi. Ezi zinto zinceda ekunciphiseni ukusasazeka kweebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwaneilaphu lezempiloIikhompawundi ze-quaternary ammonium kunye ne-chitosan nazo ziyavela kwiimveliso ezininzi kwizigulana nakwiingcali zempilo.
Phawula:Imigangatho yovavanyo efana ne-AATCC 100, i-ISO 20743, kunye ne-ASTM E2149 inceda ekulinganiseni indlela ezi arhente ezisebenza ngayo kwiimeko zokwenyani.
Indlela iiarhente eziphazamisa ngayo ukukhula kweentsholongwane
Ndifumanise ukuba ii-antimicrobial agents zisebenzisa amaqhinga aliqela ukuthintela iintsholongwane ukuba zingakhuli kwilaphu lezempilo. Nazi ezinye zeendlela eziphambili ezi arhente ezisebenza ngazo:
- Zihlasela iindonga zeeseli okanye ii-membrane zeebhaktheriya, zibangela ukuba iiseli ziqhume okanye zivuze.
- Ezinye izinto ezisetyenziswa njengee-nanoparticles zesilivere, zikhupha ii-ion eziphazamisa iiproteni kunye ne-DNA ngaphakathi kwi-microbe.
- Ezinye, ezifana ne-chitosan, zithintela amandla eentsholongwane okwenza iiproteni ezintsha okanye ukuthutha izondlo.
- Izinto ezithile zenza iintlobo zeoksijini ezisabelayo ezonakalisa iindawo ezibalulekileyo zentsholongwane, nto leyo ekhokelela ekufeni kweeseli.
- Unyango olusekelwe kwi-enzyme lunokuqhekeza iileya zokukhusela iintsholongwane, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuzibulala.
Uvavanyo lwelabhoratri luqinisekisa ezi zenzo. Umzekelo, ndibone izifundo apho amalaphu aphathwe nge-silver okanye i-zinc oxide nanoparticles abonisa umsebenzi onamandla ngokuchasene neebhaktheriya ezifana ne-E. coli kunye ne-Staphylococcus aureus. Izazinzulu zisebenzisa izixhobo ezifana nokuskena i-electron microscopy ukujonga ukuba ezi arhente zihlala zinamathele kwilaphu kwaye ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza emva kokuhlamba. Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo, olufana nolo luvela kwi-American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, lunceda ukuqinisekisa amandla kunye nokuqina kwezi ndlela zonyango.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuqina
Ndisoloko ndikhangela ilaphu lezempilo elihlala lisebenza emva kokusetyenziswa nokuhlanjwa izihlandlo ezininzi. Unyango olungcono kakhulu lwe-antimicrobial lubonisa ukusebenza kakuhle ngokuchasene neentsholongwane ezahlukeneyo, nokuba emva kokubulala iintsholongwane. Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa indlela iiarhente ezahlukeneyo ezisebenza ngayo ngaphambi nasemva kokubulala iintsholongwane:
| Iarhente ye-Antimicrobial | I-BR ngokuchasene ne-E. coli (%) | BR nxamnye ne-K. pneumoniae (%) | I-BR ngokuchasene ne-MRSA (%) | I-BR emva kokubulala iintsholongwane kwi-E. coli (%) | I-BR emva kokubulala iintsholongwane kwi-K. pneumoniae (%) | I-BR emva kokubulala iintsholongwane kwi-MRSA (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-nitrate yesilivere | 99.87 | 100 | 84.05 | 97.67 | 100 | 24.35 |
| I-zinc chloride | 99.87 | 100 | 99.71 | 99.85 | 100 | 97.83 |
| I-HM4005 (QAC) | 99.34 | 100 | 0 | 65.78 | 0 | 36.03 |
| HM4072 (QAC) | 72.18 | 98.35 | 25.52 | 0 | 21.48 | 0 |
| Ioyile yomthi weti | 100 | 100 | 99.13 | 100 | 97.67 | 23.88 |
Ndiyaqaphela ukuba i-zinc chloride kunye ne-silver nitrate zigcina amandla azo okulwa neentsholongwane nasemva kokucoca ubushushu. Ioyile yomthi weti nayo isebenza kakuhle, kodwa ezinye izinto, ezifana neekhompawundi ezithile ze-quaternary ammonium, zilahlekelwa yimpembelelo yazo emva kokucoca ubushushu. Izifundo zexesha elide zibonisa ukuba ukugqunywa nge-copper oxide kunye ne-graphene oxide kunokuqhubeka kubulala iintsholongwane ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezintandathu. Kolunye uphando, la malaphu anyangiweyo agcine ukusebenza okungaphezulu kwe-96% kwi-E. coli emva kwesiqingatha sonyaka sokusetyenziswa.
Uvavanyo lweklinikhi luyazixhasa ezi ziphumo. Umzekelo, ii-pillowcases zesibhedlele kunye namashiti agqunywe ngee-antimicrobial agents agcine inani leebhaktheriya lingaphantsi kwemigangatho yococeko emva kweveki yokusetyenziswa. Ezi ziphumo zibonisa ukuba unyango olufanelekileyo lwe-antimicrobial lunokwenza ilaphu lezempilo likhuseleke kwaye lithembeke ngakumbi kwizigulana nakubasebenzi.
Isicelo, iiNzuzo, kunye neKamva leTekhnoloji yeLaphu lezeMpilo
Iindlela zokuHlanganisa kwiLaphu lezeMpilo
Ndibone iindlela ezininzi ezisebenzayo zokongezaiiarhente zokulwa neentsholongwanekwilaphu lezempilo. Ezi ndlela zinceda ukugcina ilaphu likhuselekile kwaye lihlala ixesha elide.
- Iindlela zokugquma ezifana nokugquma nge-dip, ukutshiza nge-spray, kunye nokugquma nge-electrospinning zifaka ii-agents kumphezulu welaphu. Ukugquma nge-electrospinning kudala ii-nanofibers ezikhuthaza ukusebenza kwe-antimicrobial.
- Ukufakwa kwiifayibha ngexesha lokwenziwa kwee-agents zokutshixa ngaphakathi, okwenza ilaphu lihlale ixesha elide kwaye lingahlanjwa.
- Unyango lokugqiba olufana nonyango lwe-plasma luphucula indlela iiarhente ezinamathela ngayo kwilaphu.
- Iitekhnoloji ze-nano-coating zifakela ii-arhente kwinqanaba leemolekyuli, nto leyo enceda ekuthinteleni ukuvuza kunye nokugcina ilaphu lisebenza kakuhle.
- Ii-nanoparticles zesilivere, ii-ion ze-copper, kunye nee-quaternary ammonium compounds zisebenza kakuhle kwaye zihlala ixesha elide xa zihlanjwa.
- Izibhedlele ezisebenzisa la malaphubaxele ukuba bambalwa abantu abanezifo ezisulelayo kunye neendawo ezicocekileyo.
- Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo olufana ne-AATCC 100 kunye ne-ISO 20743 lujonga ukuba la malaphu ahlala esebenza kakuhle kwaye ekhuselekile.
Ukhuseleko, Ukuthobela, kunye neMpembelelo yokwenyani
Ndisoloko ndijonga ukuba ilaphu lezempilo liyahlangabezana nemithetho yokhuseleko engqongqo. La malaphu kufuneka akhuseleke eluswini, angabi natyhefu, kwaye angabi namagciwane. Kufuneka ayeke usulelo kwaye aphephe ukubangela ii-allergies. Imithetho nezikhokelo zamazwe ngamazwe ziqinisekisa ukuba la malaphu akhusela izigulane kunye nabasebenzi.
- Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwizityalo zibonelela ngeendlela ezikhuselekileyo nezilungele ulusu.
- Ukugqitywa kwe-antimicrobial kunciphisa iintsholongwane, ivumba, kunye nomonakalo welaphu.
- Iikhompawundi ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo zinciphisa umngcipheko wokurhawuzelelwa kunye nongcoliseko oluvela kwezinye izinto.
- Ezi laphu zinceda ekuthinteleni ukusasazeka kweentsholongwane ezibhedlele.
Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwe-AATCC 100 kunye ne-ISO 20743 luqinisekisa ukuba ilaphu lezempilo lihlala lisebenza ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Izinto Eziqwalaselweyo Kwindalo Esingqongileyo kunye Notshintsho
Ndiyayikhathalela indalo xa ndikhetha ilaphu lezempilo. Ezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo zinokuhlamba kwaye zonakalise iinkqubo zamanzi. Ukusebenzisa izinto zendalo ezivela kwizityalo kunika ukhetho olukhuselekileyo nolunokubola. Iingubo ezingasebenziyo ezithintela iintsholongwane ukuba zinganamatheli, endaweni yokuzibulala, zikwanceda ekukhuseleni indalo. Ezi ngcinga zintsha zenza ilaphu lezempilo likhuseleke ebantwini nakwiplanethi.
Ndiyabona ukuba ubuchwepheshe bokubulala iintsholongwane kwilaphu lezempilo bunika ukhuseleko oluqinileyo ngokuthintela iintsholongwane ukuba zingakhuli. Izibhedlele ezisebenzisa ezi zisombululo zixela ukuba kukho usulelo oluncinci. Ulawulo losulelo oluqhutywa yidatha, njengakwiZiko lezonyango leYunivesithi yaseVanderbilt, lubonisa ukwehla okukhulu kwamazinga osulelo. Ndilindele ukuba inkqubela phambili entsha iya kuqhubeka nokwenza ilaphu lezempilo likhuseleke kwaye lisebenze ngakumbi.
FAQ
Yintoni eyenza ilaphu lezempilo elilwa neentsholongwane lahluke kwilaphu eliqhelekileyo?
Ndibona ilaphu elilwa neentsholongwane njengelikhethekileyo kuba lithintela ukukhula kweentsholongwane. Ilaphu eliqhelekileyo alinalo olu khuselo.
Unyango lwe-antimicrobial luhlala ixesha elingakanani kwilaphu lezempilo?
Ndiqaphele ukuba unyango oluninzi luhlala ixesha elide luhlanjwa. Olunye luqhubeka lusebenza ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezintandathu, kuxhomekeke kwiarhente kunye nendlela yokuhlamba.
Ngaba amalaphu alwa neentsholongwane akhuselekile kulusu olubuthathaka?
Ndisoloko ndijonga ukhuseleko. Uninzi lweempahla zonyango zisebenzisa izinto ezilungele ulusu. Ndicebisa ukuba zikhangele iimveliso ezivavanyiweyo ukuba azinazo ii-allergies kunye nokurhawuzelelwa.
Ixesha leposi: Juni-20-2025