Inkqubo yokulinganisa yeSuper 100s ukuya kwiSuper 200s ilinganisa ubucotha beefayibha zoboya, iguqula indlela esivavanya ngayoilaphu elifaneleyoEsi sikali, esaqala kwinkulungwane ye-18, ngoku siqala kwi-30s ukuya kwi-200s, apho amanqanaba amancinci abonisa umgangatho ogqwesileyo.Ilaphu leesuti zodidi oluphezulu, ingakumbi ilaphu leesuti zoboya obutofotofo, elilukwe ngezi ntlobo, linika ukuthamba nobunzima obungenakuthelekiswa nanto. Ukongeza,ilaphu leesuti zoboya obuphezulukwayeilaphu leesuti zoboya obugqithisileyozaziwa ngokuqina kwazo nobuhle bazo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zibe lukhetho olukhethwayo kubantu abaqondayo.ilaphu leesuti ezilukiweyokwezi ndidi kuqinisekisa inkangeleko ecocekileyo, nto leyo ephakamisa nayiphi na ikhabhathi.
Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe
- Ukulungiswa koboya, njengeSuper 100s ukuya kwiSuper 200s, kubonisa ubuncinci befayibha. Oku kuchaphazela indlela elithambe ngayo kwaye likhangeleka lihle ngayo ilaphu.
- Iiklasi eziphezulu, ezifana neeSuper 150s nangaphezulu, zithambile kwaye zinesitayile. Zifanelekile kwiziganeko ezibalulekileyo.
- Ngokubaukusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla, khetha amalaphu aphakathi kweSuper 100s neSuper 140s. La malaphu akhululekile, aqinile, kwaye asavakala kamnandi.
Ukuqonda ukuHlela uBoya
Yintoni i-Wool Grading?
Ukuhlelwa koboya yinkqubo yokuvavanya umgangatho weefayibha zoboya ngokusekelwe kubuhle bazo, ubude, kunye neempawu zazo ngokubanzi. Inkqubo yokuhlelwa koboya iqinisekisa ukuhambelana kwemveliso yelaphu kwaye inceda abathengi ukuba baboneumgangatho weemveliso zoboyaNgokwembali, ukuhlelwa koboya kuye kwavela kunye nophuhliso kwimveliso yelaphu. Umzekelo, ukuqaliswa kwenkqubo yeSuper number nguJoseph Lumb and Sons kwaphawula utshintsho olukhulu kwishishini, kwamisela indlela eqhelekileyo yokulinganisa ubunewunewu.
| Unyaka/Ixesha | Isiganeko/Uphuhliso | Ukubaluleka |
|---|---|---|
| Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 | Iinkqubo zokuvelisa uboya bezisebuntwaneni | Kusekwe imfuneko yeenkqubo zokubeka amanqaku eziphuculiweyo ngakumbi |
| 1968 | I-USDA yenze imigangatho yokubeka uboya kwinqanaba | Iindlela zokubeka amanqaku ezisemthethweni kunye neenqobo zokwazisa ezichanekileyo |
| Intshayelelo yebanga le-100 | UJoseph Lumb and Sons bathengise iHuddersfield kaLumbii-super 100s' | Ukuzalwa kwesigama esithi 'super' ekuhlengahlengiseni uboya |
Kutheni iFiber Fineness ibalulekile
Ubuhle befayibha budlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni ukuthamba, intuthuzelo, kunye nobunewunewu belaphu loboya. Izifundo zesayensi zibonisa ukuba iifayibha ezincinci ziphucula iimpawu zentambo, zenza kube lula ukuzisonta nokuzilungisa. Ukongeza, iifayibha ezincinci ziphucula intuthuzelo, njengoko zinciphisa imvakalelo yokuhlaba edla ngokunxulunyaniswa noboya obuqinileyo. Olu lwalamano phakathi kobubanzi befayibha ephakathi (MFD) kunye nobunewunewu belaphu lugxininisa ukubaluleka kobuhle ekudaleni iimveliso zoboya ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Injongo yeNkqubo yeenombolo ezinkulu
Inkqubo yeSuper number yenza kube lula ukuhlelwa koboya ngokubeka amaxabiso amanani kwi-fiber fibre. La manani, aqala kwiSuper 100s ukuya kwiSuper 200s, abonisa ububanzi obuphakathi beefayibha zoboya kwiimicrons. Ukuze kufezekiswe ukuchaneka, kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zesayensi:
| Indlela | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Inkqubo yeMicron | Ilinganisa ububanzi befayibha obuphakathi kwii-microns, inika inkqubo yokubeka amanqaku echanekileyo ekhethwayo kwihlabathi liphela. |
| Inkqubo Yokubala Ukujika | Udidi loboya ngokusekelwe kwinani leehanks ngeponti nganye, esetyenziswa ngokutshintshana nezinye. |
| Inkqubo yeBanga leGazi laseMelika | Uboya bulinganiswa ngokwepesenti yegazi leMerino, elisetyenziswa kakhulu eMelika |
| Indlela yokubonisa izinto ezincinci | Ibonisa amacandelo efayibha kwisikrini ukuze ilinganiswe xa ikhuliswa kakhulu, iqinisekisa ukuchaneka kokubekwa kwamanqaku. |
| Isihlalutyi seDayamitha yeFiber ye-Optical | Ihlalutya iziqwenga zefayibha ngokukhawuleza, ilinganisa amawaka eefayibha ngemizuzwana ukuze ikwazi ukulinganisa kakuhle. |
| I-Sirolan-Laserscan | Isebenzisa isampulu engaphantsi komlinganiselo wobubanzi befayibha, ixuba iifayibha ukuze kuhlalutywe ngokuchanekileyo ubungakanani obukhulu. |
Le nkqubo ayincedi nje kuphela abavelisi ekuveliseni amalaphu angaguqukiyo kodwa ikwanika abathengi amandla okwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi xa bekhetha ilaphu leesuti zoboya obukumgangatho ophezulu.
Ukucacisa iiSuper 100s ukuya kwiiSuper 200s
Indlela Amanani Abonakalisa Ngayo Ubunono Befayibha
Xa ndandiqala ukubona inkqubo yeSuper grading, ndamangaliswa yindlela la manani ahambelana ngayo ngokuthe ngqo nobunzima beefayibha zoboya. Inani ngalinye limele ububanzi obukhulu beefayibha kwiimicrons. Umzekelo, uboya beSuper 100s buneefayibha ezinobubanzi obuphakathi be-18.5 microns, ngelixa uboya beSuper 200s bulingana ne-13.5 microns. Okukhona inani lincinci, kokukhona ifayibha iqina; okukhona inani likhulu, kokukhona uboya bucotha kwaye buthambile.
Ukuze sikuqonde ngcono oku, makhe sijonge iindlela zokulinganisa ezisetyenziselwa ukubala ubunono befayibha:
| Uhlobo lweSikhombisi | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Izalathisi ezithe ngqo | Ibonakaliswa bububanzi kunye nommandla onqamlezileyo wefayibha. |
| Izalathisi ezingathanga ngqo | Imiselwa ngumgangatho okanye ubude befayibha, echazwa ngokwemilinganiselo yobunzima befayibha ngobude beyunithi nganye. |
| IiYunithi Eziqhelekileyo | I-Tex, i-dtex, kunye ne-denier zisetyenziselwa ukumela ubunzima befayibha ngobude beyunithi nganye. |
| I-Tex | Ubunzima (g) befayibha eyi-1000 m. |
| I-Dtex | I-1/10 yobunzima befayibha eyi-1000 m. |
| Umkhanyeli | Ubunzima (g) befayibha eyi-9000 m; i-denier e-1 = 9 tex. |
Ezi zibonakaliso ziqinisekisa ukuba abavelisi kunye nabathengi banokuthemba ukuba amanqanaba eenombolo abonisa umgangatho kunye nokunethezeka koboya. Xa ndithengailaphu leesuti zoboya obutofotofoNdisoloko ndicinga ngala manqanaba ukuqinisekisa ukuba ndifumana ukuthamba kunye nokuphuculwa endikufunayo.
Isikali seMicron kunye nendima yaso ekuBaleni
Isikali se-micron sisisiseko sokuhlelwa koboya. Silinganisa ububanzi beefayibha nganye nganye, sibonelela ngendlela echanekileyo yokuhlela uboya. Okukhona ifayibha incinci, kokukhona umlinganiselo wayo we-micron uphantsi, kwaye kokukhona i-Super grade iphezulu. Umzekelo, iifayibha ezikudidi lwe-Super 100s zihlala zilinganisa phakathi kwe-18 kunye ne-19 microns, ngelixa ezo zikwi-Super 200s zingaphantsi kwe-14 microns.
Uphando luye lwaqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwezi zilinganiso. Uphononongo oluthelekisa imilinganiselo ye-Average Fiber Diameter (AFD) kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezibini, i-OFDA2000 kunye ne-Minifiber EC, lufumanise ukuba zombini ezi zixhobo zivelise iziphumo ezifanayo. Oku kuhambelana kuqinisekisa ukuba isikali se-micron sihlala singumgangatho othembekileyo wokulinganisa uboya. Ndiqaphele ukuba xa ndikhetha amalaphu ahlelwe ngamanani aphezulu e-Super, umahluko ekuthambekeni nasekugudeni ubonakala ngoko nangoko.
Unxibelelwano Phakathi KweeNqanaba Eziphezulu NeeSuits Zoboya Bobunewunewu
Amanqaku aphezulu aphezuluziyafana nokunethezeka. Amalaphu oboya ukusuka kwi-Super 150s ukuya kwi-Super 200s alungile kakhulu, enza ubume obuthambileyo obuvakala ngathi abunabunzima. Eli nqanaba lobuhle lelona lenza ilaphu leesuti zoboya obutofotofo libonakale. Iifayibha azithambile nje kuphela kodwa zikwafana ngakumbi, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ilaphu liguge kakuhle kwaye limelane nokushwabana.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho okungakumbi kwezi ntlobo ngaphandle kobuhle nje kuphela. Ubuhle beefayibha bukwaphucula ukuphefumla kwelaphu, nto leyo eyenza lifaneleke ukunxitywa unyaka wonke. Xa ndinxiba isuti eyenziwe ngoboya beSuper 180s, ndiyawuva umahluko kwintuthuzelo kunye nobuhle. Akumangalisi ukuba la malaphu abaluleke kakhulu ekuthungeni iimpahla ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Oko kuthethiweyo, kubalulekile ukulinganisela ubunewunewu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Nangona amanqanaba aphezulu enika ubuthambile obungenakuthelekiswa nanto, anokuba mancinci xa ethelekiswa namanqanaba aphantsi njengeSuper 100s okanye iSuper 120s. Kwimpahla yemihla ngemihla, ndihlala ndicebisa amalaphu aphakathi kweSuper 100s ukuya kwiSuper 140s, njengoko elungelelanisa kakuhle ubunewunewu kunye nokuhlala ixesha elide.
Umgangatho, Ubunewunewu, kunye Nokusebenza Kakuhle
Indlela Ukubeka Amanqanaba Omsebenzi Kuyichaphazela Ngayo Imvakalelo Nentuthuzelo Yelaphu
Indlela ilaphu loboya elivakala ngayo ixhomekeke kakhulu kudidi lwalo. Amanqanaba aphezulu, njengeeSuper 150s nangaphezulu, anika uburhabaxa obuvakala ngathi buthambileyo.ubunewunewu eluswiniIi-grades eziphantsi, ezifana neeSuper 100s, zinika uvakalelo oluqinileyo kodwa zisakhululekile ukunxitywa imihla ngemihla. Izifundo ezithelekisa intuthuzelo ephathwayo kwii-grades zoboya zityhila ulwazi olunomdla:
| Isihloko soFundo | Ingqwalasela | Indlela yokusebenza |
|---|---|---|
| Ubukhulu bokubona okuchukumisayo: Uphononongo olusebenzisa amalaphu oboya obukhaphukhaphu | Ukuchonga ubukhulu bokuthinta kwilaphu loboya elikhaphukhaphu | Imisebenzi yokuhlela simahla, Ukulinganisa okuninzi, Uhlalutyo lokuHlela |
| Ukuqikelela intuthuzelo yelaphu eliphathwayo kwiipropati zoomatshini kunye nezandla eziphathwayo kusetyenziswa uhlalutyo lokubuyela umva | Ukuphonononga ubudlelwane phakathi kweempawu zoomatshini nezeemvakalelo kunye nentuthuzelo yokuchukumisa | Uhlalutyo lokubuyela umva, imilinganiselo ye-KES-FB, iphaneli yeengcali zeSensory |
| Ukuchongwa kweempawu eziBalulekileyo ezichaphazela intuthuzelo yelaphu elichukumisayo kusetyenziswa uhlalutyo lokurhoxa | Ukuchonga iipropati ezibalulekileyo zeemvakalelo kunye nezoomatshini ezichaphazela intuthuzelo | Uhlalutyo lokubuyela umva ngokuqhubekayo, ulwalamano lweDatabase |
Xa ndikhetha ilaphu leesuti zoboya obukumgangatho ophezulu, ndiphawula indlela ezivakala zithambile kwaye zicocekile ngayo. Lo mahluko ochukumisayo uphucula amava okunxiba ngokubanzi, okwenza kube kuhle ukutyala imali kwiziganeko ezikhethekileyo.
Ukuhlala ixesha elide kwiiBanga ezahlukeneyo
Ukuqina kuyahluka kakhulu kwiindidi zoboya. Nangona iindidi ezincinci ezifana neeSuper 180s zibalasele ngokuthambile, zisenokungabi namandla okumelana neendidi eziphantsi. Umzekelo, uboya beSuper 100s bubonelela ngokulinganisela kokuqina kunye nentuthuzelo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba bufaneleke ukusetyenziswa rhoqo. Idatha yokuthelekisa igxininisa la mahluko:
| Uhlobo lweFayibha | Ukumelana nemibimbi | Ukuqina (Ukugoba) | Tensile strength | Ukumelana nokurhawuzelelwa |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uboya beMerino | Phezulu | Phezulu | Iphakathi | Iphantsi |
| Umqhaphu | Iphantsi | Iphakathi | Phezulu | Phezulu |
| I-Polyester | Iphakathi | Phezulu | Phezulu | Iphakathi |
Ndihlala ndicebisa iiSuper 120s okanye iiSuper 140s kwabo bafuna ulungelelwano phakathi kobomi obude kunye nobunewunewu. Ezi greyidi ziyamelana nokuguguleka ngelixa zigcina inkangeleko ephucukileyo.
Ukulinganisela Ubunewunewu kunye Nokusebenza Kokukhetha Uboya
Ukukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo loboya kubandakanyaukulinganisela umgangatho, iindleko, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Amanqanaba aphezulu, nangona eyobunewunewu, asenokungalungelani nayo yonke indlela yokuphila. Iimpawu zendalo zoboya, ezinje ngokugquma kunye nokufunxa umswakama, zenza ukuba lube lukhetho olusebenzayo nolunobunewunewu. Izinto eziphambili ekufuneka uziqwalasele ziquka:
- Uboya beMerino bunika ubushushu nokuqina kodwa bubiza kakhulu.
- Umxube kunye ne-acrylic uqinisa ukuqina kwaye unciphisa iimfuno zokugcinwa.
- Ubuninzi boboya buphucula ukuthamba kunye neempawu zobushushu.
Kwimpahla yemihla ngemihla, ndifumanisa ukuba amalaphu akwi-Super 100s ukuya kwi-Super 140s alungelelene ngokupheleleyo. Anika ubuhle belaphu leesuti zoboya obutofotofo ngaphandle kokubeka emngciphekweni ukusebenza okanye iindleko.
Ukukhetha Uhlobo Olufanelekileyo Loboya
Iingcebiso Zokuvavanya Iimveliso Zoboya
Niniukuvavanya iimveliso zoboya, Ndigxila kwiinkalo ezintathu ezibalulekileyo: umgangatho wefayibha, ukufumana izinto, kunye nokusetyenziswa okucwangcisiweyo. Umgangatho wefayibha umisela ukuthamba, ukuqina, kunye nokuvakala kwelaphu ngokubanzi. Ndisoloko ndijonga inqanaba leSuper number, njengoko libonisa ngokuthe ngqo ukucoleka koboya. Umzekelo, uboya beSuper 100s bubonelela ngokulinganisela kokuqina kunye nentuthuzelo, ngelixa uboya beSuper 180s bubonelela ngokuthamba okungenakuthelekiswa nanto kwiziganeko ezikhethekileyo.
Ukufuna izinto kubaluleke ngokulinganayo. Ndibeka phambili uboya obuvela kwimveliso yokuziphatha, njengeMerino, ehambelana nemfuno ekhulayo yezinto ezizinzileyo. Uphando lwakutshanje lwemarike lubonisa ukuba ama-73% abantu abaphila iminyaka eyi-1000 bazimisele ukuhlawula ngaphezulu kwiimveliso ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Le ndlela ibonisa ukubaluleka kokukhetha uboya obunobunewunewu nobunoxanduva lokusingqongileyo.
Okokugqibela, ndicinga ngendlela ecetywayo yokusebenzisa ilaphu. Iipropati zeWool ezibangela ukuba ingabi na-allergies ziyenza ibe lukhetho oluhle kakhulu kubantu abanesikhumba esibuthathaka okanye abane-allergies. Xa kuthelekiswa nomqhaphu, uboya bunciphisa amathuba okuba neengxaki zokuphefumla, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe lukhetho olusempilweni lokunxiba yonke imihla.
Ukudibanisa Amabanga neemfuno zakho kunye nendlela yokuphila
Ukukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo loboya kuxhomekeke kwindlela ophila ngayo nezinto ozithandayo. Ndisoloko ndicebisa ukuba uqale ngokuvavanya imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla kunye neemfuno zempahla yokunxiba. Umzekelo, ukuba ufuna isuti yokunxiba rhoqo eofisini, uboya beSuper 100s okanye beSuper 120s bubonelela ngokulinganisela okugqibeleleyo kokuqina kunye nentuthuzelo. La manqanaba amelana nokusetyenziswa rhoqo ngelixa egcina inkangeleko ephucukileyo.
Kwabo bafuna ubunewunewuilaphu elifanela uboyaKwiminyhadala ekhethekileyo, amanqanaba aphezulu afana neSuper 150s okanye iSuper 180s anika ukuthamba nobuhle obungenakuthelekiswa nanto. La malaphu agudiswa kakuhle kwaye azive engenabunzima, nto leyo eyenza ukuba afaneleke kwiminyhadala esesikweni. Nangona kunjalo, asenokungabi namandla njengemigangatho ephantsi, ngoko ke ndiwagcinele ukuba angasetyenziswa rhoqo.
Iindlela zolwazi lwabathengi zibonisa ukuba uboya obuhle, obufana neMerino, buxatyiswa kakhulu ngenxa yokuthamba kwayo kunye nokuthandeka kwayo okunexabiso eliphezulu. Uboya obuphakathi bubonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ngelixa uboya oburhabaxa bubalasele ngokuqina xa kusetyenziswa izinto ezinzima. Ukuqonda la mahluko kundinceda ndihambelane nomgangatho ofanelekileyo neemfuno zam ezithile.
Ukuqonda Iindleko Neengenelo ZamaBanga Aphezulu
Amalaphu oboya akumgangatho ophezulu adla ngokuba nexabiso eliphezulu, kodwa iingenelo zinokuthethelela ixabiso. Uboya obucolekileyo, obufana neSuper 180s okanye iSuper 200s, bubiza amaxabiso aphezulu ngenxa yokuba thambile kakhulu kwaye bunomtsalane wobunewunewu. Izifundo ziqinisekisa ukuba ububanzi befayibha buchaphazela kakhulu amaxabiso oboya, kunye neefayibha ezicolekileyo ezibiza amaxabiso angcono kwimarike.
Nangona kunjalo, ndihlala ndilinganisa ixabiso ngokuthelekisa nokusetyenziswa okucetywayo. Kwimpahla yemihla ngemihla, ndifumanisa ukuba uboya beSuper 100s ukuya kwiSuper 140s bubonelela ngexabiso elihle kakhulu. La manqanaba abonelela ngokulinganisela kobunewunewu kunye nokusebenza ngaphandle kokuchitha imali eninzi. Kwelinye icala, ukutyala imali kumanqanaba aphezulu kunengqiqo kwiziganeko ezikhethekileyo okanye xa usenza into ethile.
Uhlalutyo lwezemali lukwabonisa ulwalamano phakathi kobubanzi befayibha kunye nexabiso. Umzekelo, uphando olwenziwe ngu-Erasmus noDelport (1987) kunye noNolan et al. (2013) luqinisekisa ukuba uboya obucolekileyo buxabiseke ngakumbi. Olu lwazi lundinceda ndenze izigqibo ezinolwazi xa ndikhetha amalaphu, ndiqinisekisa ukuba ndifumana umgangatho ongcono kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwam.
Ukuqonda ukuhluzwa koboya kubalulekile ekwenzeni izigqibo ezinolwazi xa uthenga amalaphu. Inkqubo yeSuper 100s ukuya kwiSuper 200s inefuthe ngqo kwimvakalelo, umgangatho, kunye nokunethezeka koboya. Ndisoloko ndicebisa ukuba uqwalasele iimfuno zomntu kunye nezinto ozikhethayo ukuze ukhethe ilaphu elifanelekileyo elifanela uboya obukumgangatho ophezulu kuyo nayiphi na imeko.
FAQ
Ithetha ukuthini igama elithi “Super” ekuhlengahlengiseni uboya?
Ileyibhile ethi “Super” ibonisa ubucukubhede beefayibha zoboya. Amanani aphezulu, njengeeSuper 150s, athetha iifayibha ezicolekileyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba amalaphu athambileyo nanobunewunewu ngakumbi.
Ingaba uboya obukumgangatho ophezulu buhlala bungcono?
Akunjalo rhoqo. Ii-grades eziphezulu, njenge-Super 180s, zinika ukuthamba kunye nobuhle kodwa zisenokungabi namandla. Kwimpahla yemihla ngemihla, ndicebisa i-Super 100s ukuya kwi-Super 140s ukuze zilungelelaniswe.
Ndingazibona njani iilaphu zoboya obutofotofo?
Jonga iziqinisekiso ezifana neWoolmark okanye iilebheli ezichaza iSuper grade. Ndikhangela neebhrendi ezidumileyo kwaye ndihlola ubunjani belaphu kunye nomgangatho wokuluka.
Ixesha leposi: Juni-09-2025