1. An rarraba ta hanyar fasahar sarrafawa
Ana yin zare da aka sake ƙirƙirarsa da zare na halitta (zaren auduga, itace, bamboo, hemp, bagasse, reed, da sauransu) ta hanyar wani tsari na sinadarai da juyawa don sake fasalin ƙwayoyin cellulose, wanda kuma aka sani da zare da ɗan adam ya yi. Saboda sinadaran da tsarin sinadarai ba su canzawa yayin sarrafawa, ƙera da juyawar kayan halitta, ana kuma kiransa zare da aka sake ƙirƙira.
Daga buƙatun tsarin sarrafawa da yanayin kariyar muhalli na koma-baya, za a iya raba shi zuwa kariyar da ba ta muhalli ba (hanyar narkar da auduga/baki a kaikaice) da kuma tsarin kariyar muhalli (hanyar narkar da auduga/baki kai tsaye). Tsarin kariyar da ba ta muhalli ba (kamar viscose na gargajiya Rayon) shine a yi amfani da sinadarin sulfonate na auduga/baki da aka yi wa alkali da carbon disulfide da alkali cellulose don yin maganin juyawa, sannan a ƙarshe a yi amfani da jujjuyawar da aka jika don sake farfaɗowa. An yi shi da sinadarin cellulose coagulation.
Fasahar kare muhalli (kamar lyocell) tana amfani da maganin ruwa na N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) a matsayin mai narkewa don narkar da ɓangaren litattafan cellulose kai tsaye cikin maganin juyawa, sannan a sarrafa shi ta hanyar juyawa mai jike ko juyawa mai busasshe da aka yi. Idan aka kwatanta da hanyar samar da ƙwayar viscose ta yau da kullun, babban fa'idar ita ce NMMO na iya narkar da ɓangaren litattafan cellulose kai tsaye, ana iya sauƙaƙe tsarin samar da ƙwayar dope mai juyawa sosai, ƙimar dawo da maganin zai iya kaiwa fiye da kashi 99%, kuma tsarin samarwa da kyar yake gurɓata muhalli. Tsarin samar da Tencel®, Richel®, Gracell®, Yingcell®, ƙwayar bamboo, da Macelle duk matakai ne masu kyau ga muhalli.
2. Rarrabawa ta hanyar manyan halaye na zahiri
Manyan alamomi kamar modulus, ƙarfi, da kuma lu'ulu'u (musamman a yanayin damina) muhimman abubuwa ne da ke shafar zamewar yadi, danshi mai shiga jiki, da kuma labule. Misali, viscose na yau da kullun yana da kyakkyawan hygroscopicity da kuma sauƙin rini, amma modulus ɗinsa da ƙarfinsa suna da ƙasa, musamman ƙarfin danshi yana da ƙasa. Modal fiber yana inganta ƙarancin zaren viscose da aka ambata a sama, kuma yana da ƙarfi da modulus mai yawa a yanayin danshi, don haka sau da yawa ana kiransa da babban nau'in modulas viscose fiber. Tsarin Modal da matakin polymerization na cellulose a cikin ƙwayar sun fi na zaren viscose na yau da kullun girma kuma ƙasa da na Lyocell. Yadin yana da santsi, saman yadin yana da haske da sheƙi, kuma sauƙin gogewa ya fi na auduga, polyester, da rayon da ake da su yanzu. Yana da sheƙi da jin kamar siliki, kuma yadi ne na halitta wanda aka yi da mercerized.
3. Dokokin Sunayen Ciniki don Zaren da aka Sake Samarwa
Tsarin samar da kayayyaki masu launin kore da kuma masu amfani da danshi mai yawa ya sake farfado da kayayyakin cellulose da aka samar a ƙasata suna bin wasu ƙa'idodi dangane da sunayen kayayyaki. Domin sauƙaƙe cinikin ƙasashen duniya, yawanci suna da sunayen Sin (ko pinyin na Sin) da sunayen Ingilishi. Akwai manyan nau'i biyu na sabbin sunayen samfuran fiber na viscose kore:
Ɗaya shine Modal (Modal). Wataƙila daidaituwa ce cewa "Mo" na Ingilishi yana da irin wannan lafazin "itacen" na ƙasar Sin, don haka 'yan kasuwa suna amfani da wannan don tallata "Modal" don jaddada cewa zare yana amfani da itacen halitta a matsayin kayan da aka ƙera, wanda a zahiri shine "Modal". Kasashen waje galibi suna amfani da ɓangaren katako mai inganci, kuma "Dyer" shine rubutun haruffan da ke bayan harshen Ingilishi. Dangane da wannan, duk wani zare mai "Dyer" a cikin samfuran kamfanonin kera zare na roba na ƙasarmu yana cikin wannan nau'in samfurin, wanda ake kira China Modal. : Kamar Newdal (Newdal strong viscose fiber), Sadal (Sadal), Bamboodale, Thincell, da sauransu.
Na biyu, yadda Lyocell (Leocell) da Tencel® (Tencel) suka yi daidai sun fi daidai. Sunan zare na Lyocell (lyocell) na kasar Sin da kamfanin Acordis na Burtaniya ya yi rijista a kasarmu shine "Tencel®". A shekarar 1989, BISFA (International Man-made Fiber and Synthetic Fiber Standards Bureau) ta sanya wa sunan zare na Lyocell (Lyocell) suna, kuma zare na cellulose da aka sake sabunta shi aka sanya wa suna Lyocell. "Lyo" ya fito ne daga kalmar Girkanci "Lyein", wanda ke nufin narkewa, "an ɗauko" "cell" daga cellulose "Cellulose", su biyun tare suna "Lyocell", kuma ana kiran sunan China Lyocell. Baƙi suna da kyakkyawar fahimtar al'adun Sin lokacin zabar sunan samfur. Lyocell, sunan samfurin shine Tencel® ko "Tencel®".
Lokacin Saƙo: Disamba-30-2022