1.Yashyizwe mubikorwa na tekinoroji yo gutunganya
Fibre ivugururwa ikozwe muri fibre naturel (linteri yipamba, ibiti, imigano, ikivuguto, bagasse, urubingo, nibindi) binyuze mumikorere runaka yimiti no kuzunguruka kugirango ihindure molekile ya selile, izwi kandi nka fibre yakozwe n'abantu.Kuberako imiterere yimiti nuburyo bwa chimique bidahinduka mugihe cyo gutunganya, gukora no kuzunguruka ibikoresho karemano, byitwa kandi fibre regenerated fibre.
Duhereye ku bisabwa mu buryo bwo gutunganya no kwangirika kwangirika kw’ibidukikije, birashobora kugabanywa mu kurengera ibidukikije (uburyo bwo gusesagura impamba / ibiti biva mu buryo butaziguye) hamwe n’uburyo bwo kurengera ibidukikije (uburyo bwo gusesa impamba / ibiti).Gahunda yo kurengera ibidukikije (nka viscose gakondo ya Rayon) ni uguhindura sulfoni ivangwa na alkali ivangwa na pamba / inkwi hamwe na karubone disulfide na alkali selulose kugirango ikore igisubizo cyizunguruka, hanyuma ikoreshe kuzunguruka itose kugirango isubirane Ikozwe muri selile. coagulation.
Ikoranabuhanga ryo kurengera ibidukikije (nka lyocell) rikoresha N-methylmorpholine oxyde (NMMO) igisubizo cyamazi nkumuti wo gushonga mu buryo butaziguye umusemburo wa selile mu gisubizo kizunguruka, hanyuma ukabitunganya ukoresheje kuzunguruka bitose cyangwa byumye-bitose.Ugereranije nuburyo bwo gukora fibre isanzwe ya viscose, inyungu nini nuko NMMO ishobora gushonga mu buryo butaziguye selile, inzira yo gukora dope izunguruka irashobora koroshya cyane, igipimo cyo kugarura igisubizo gishobora kugera kuri 99%, kandi inzira yumusaruro irahumanya cyane. ibidukikije.Ibikorwa byo gukora bya Tencel®, Richel®, Gracell®, Yingcell®, fibre fibre, na Macelle byose ni inzira yangiza ibidukikije.
2.Gushyira mubikorwa byingenzi biranga umubiri
Ibipimo byingenzi nka modulus, imbaraga, hamwe na kristu (cyane cyane mubihe bitose) nibintu byingenzi bigira ingaruka kunyerera, imyenda itemba, hamwe na drape.Kurugero, viscose isanzwe ifite hygroscopicite nziza hamwe nuburyo bworoshye bwo gusiga irangi, ariko modulus nimbaraga zayo ni bike, cyane cyane imbaraga zitose ni nke.Fibre modal itezimbere inenge yavuzwe haruguru ya fibre ya viscose, kandi ikagira n'imbaraga nyinshi hamwe na modulus muburyo butose, kubwibyo bikunze kwitwa fibre modulus viscose fibre.Imiterere ya Modal hamwe nurwego rwa polymerisation ya selile muri molekile irarenze iyo fibre isanzwe ya viscose kandi iri munsi ya Lyocell.Umwenda uroroshye, hejuru yumwenda urabagirana kandi urabagirana, kandi gutwarwa ni byiza kuruta ibya pamba, polyester, na rayon.Ifite ubudodo bumeze nk'ubudodo no kumva, kandi ni umwenda usanzwe.
3.Amategeko yubucuruzi bwamazina ya fibre nshya
Icyatsi kibisi kandi cyangiza ibidukikije modulus yubushyuhe bushya bwa selile yatejwe imbere mugihugu cyanjye ikurikiza amategeko amwe mubijyanye namazina yibicuruzwa.Kugirango borohereze ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga, mubisanzwe bafite amazina yubushinwa (cyangwa pinyin yubushinwa) nizina ryicyongereza.Hariho ibyiciro bibiri byingenzi byicyatsi kibisi cya viscose fibre yibicuruzwa:
Imwe ni Modal (Modal).Birashobora kuba impanuka ko icyongereza "Mo" gifite imvugo nki "igiti" cyabashinwa, bityo abacuruzi bakoresheje ibi kugirango bamenyekanishe "Modal" bashimangira ko fibre ikoresha ibiti bisanzwe nkibikoresho fatizo, mubyukuri "Modal" .Ibihugu by’amahanga bikoresha cyane cyane ibiti byo mu rwego rwo hejuru, kandi "Dyer" ni uguhindura inyuguti ziri inyuma yururimi rwicyongereza.Hashingiwe kuri ibi, fibre iyo ari yo yose hamwe na "Dyer" mu bicuruzwa by’amasosiyete akora ibihingwa ngengabukungu by’igihugu cyacu ni ubu bwoko bwibicuruzwa, byitwa Ubushinwa Modal.: Nka Newdal (Newdal ikomeye ya viscose fibre), Sadal (Sadal), Bamboodale, Thincell, nibindi.
Icya kabiri, imvugo ya Lyocell (Leocell) na Tencel® (Tencel) irasobanutse neza.Izina ry'igishinwa rya fibre ya Lyocell (lyocell) ryanditswe mu gihugu cyanjye na sosiyete yo mu Bwongereza Acordis ni "Tencel®".Mu 1989, izina rya fibre ya Lyocell (Lyocell) ryiswe BISFA (International Man-made Fiber and Synthetic Fiber Standards Bureau), naho fibre ya selile yongeye kuvuka yitwa Lyocell."Lyo" ikomoka ku ijambo ry'Ikigereki "Lyein", risobanura gushonga, "" selile "yakuwe muri selile" Cellulose ", bombi hamwe ni" Lyocell ", naho izina ry'Abashinwa ryitwa Lyocell. Abanyamahanga bafite imyumvire myiza y'umuco w'Abashinwa muguhitamo izina ryibicuruzwa. Lyocell, izina ryibicuruzwa ni Tencel® cyangwa "Tencel®".
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-30-2022