1. Faib los ntawm kev ua cov txheej txheem
Cov fiber rov ua dua tshiab yog ua los ntawm cov fiber ntuj (paj rwb linters, ntoo, xyoob, hemp, bagasse, reed, thiab lwm yam) los ntawm qee cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg thiab tig los hloov kho cov cellulose molecules, tseem hu ua cov fibers ua los ntawm tib neeg. Vim tias cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov qauv tshuaj tseem tsis hloov pauv thaum lub sijhawm ua, tsim khoom thiab tig cov khoom siv ntuj, nws tseem hu ua cov fiber rov ua dua tshiab.
Los ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov txheej txheem ua thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua kev tiv thaiv tsis yog ib puag ncig (paj rwb / ntoo pulp txoj kev yaj tsis ncaj qha) thiab cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv ib puag ncig (paj rwb / ntoo pulp txoj kev yaj ncaj qha). Cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv tsis yog ib puag ncig (xws li cov viscose Rayon ib txwm muaj) yog sulfonate cov paj rwb / ntoo pulp kho alkali nrog carbon disulfide thiab alkali cellulose los ua cov kua spinning, thiab thaum kawg siv ntub spinning los rov ua dua Nws yog ua los ntawm cellulose coagulation.
Cov thev naus laus zis tiv thaiv ib puag ncig (xws li lyocell) siv N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) cov kua dej ua cov kuab tshuaj kom yaj cov cellulose pulp ncaj qha rau hauv cov kua spinning, thiab tom qab ntawd ua tiav nws los ntawm kev sib hloov ntub lossis kev sib hloov qhuav-ntub. Piv nrog rau txoj kev tsim khoom ntawm cov fiber viscose ib txwm muaj, qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog tias NMMO tuaj yeem yaj cov cellulose pulp ncaj qha, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntawm kev sib hloov dope tuaj yeem yooj yim heev, tus nqi rov qab tau cov tshuaj tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua 99%, thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tsis tshua muaj kuab paug rau ib puag ncig. Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntawm Tencel®, Richel®, Gracell®, Yingcell®, xyoob fiber, thiab Macelle yog cov txheej txheem zoo rau ib puag ncig.
2. Kev faib tawm los ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev
Cov cim qhia tseem ceeb xws li modulus, lub zog, thiab crystallinity (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntub dej) yog cov yam tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau cov ntaub slipperiness, noo noo permeability, thiab drape. Piv txwv li, viscose ib txwm muaj hygroscopicity zoo heev thiab yooj yim dyeing khoom, tab sis nws modulus thiab lub zog yog qis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub zog ntub dej yog qis. Modal fiber txhim kho cov qhov tsis zoo ntawm viscose fiber saum toj no, thiab kuj muaj lub zog siab thiab modulus hauv lub xeev ntub dej, yog li nws feem ntau hu ua viscose fiber ntub dej modulus siab. Cov qauv ntawm Modal thiab qib ntawm polymerization ntawm cellulose hauv molecule yog siab dua li ntawm viscose fiber ib txwm thiab qis dua li ntawm Lyocell. Cov ntaub yog du, qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub yog ci thiab ci, thiab qhov drapability zoo dua li ntawm cov paj rwb, polyester, thiab rayon uas twb muaj lawm. Nws muaj ib tug silk-zoo li luster thiab xav, thiab yog ib tug ntuj mercerized ntaub.
3. Cov Cai ntawm Cov Npe Lag Luam rau Cov Fibers Rov Tsim Dua
Cov khoom siv cellulose uas muaj cov av noo siab thiab ntsuab thiab zoo rau ib puag ncig uas tsim tawm hauv kuv lub tebchaws ua raws li qee txoj cai hais txog cov npe khoom. Yuav kom yooj yim rau kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, feem ntau lawv muaj cov npe Suav (lossis pinyin Suav) thiab cov npe Askiv. Muaj ob pawg tseem ceeb ntawm cov npe khoom siv fiber viscose ntsuab tshiab:
Ib qho yog Modal (Modal). Tej zaum yuav yog qhov sib xws uas lus Askiv "Mo" muaj tib lub suab li lus Suav "ntoo", yog li cov tub lag luam siv qhov no los tshaj tawm "Modal" los hais tias cov fiber siv ntoo ntuj ua cov khoom siv raw, uas yog "Modal". Cov teb chaws txawv teb chaws feem ntau siv cov ntoo zoo, thiab "Dyer" yog kev hloov cov ntawv tom qab lus Askiv. Raws li qhov no, txhua yam fiber nrog "Dyer" hauv cov khoom ntawm peb lub teb chaws cov tuam txhab tsim khoom siv fiber ntau yog cov khoom lag luam no, uas hu ua Tuam Tshoj Modal. : Xws li Newdal (Newdal muaj zog viscose fiber), Sadal (Sadal), Bamboodale, Thincell, thiab lwm yam.
Qhov thib ob, cov lus qhia ntawm Lyocell (Leocell) thiab Tencel® (Tencel) yog qhov tseeb dua. Lub npe Suav ntawm Lyocell (lyocell) fiber sau npe hauv kuv lub tebchaws los ntawm lub tuam txhab British Acordis yog "Tencel®". Xyoo 1989, lub npe ntawm Lyocell (Lyocell) fiber tau raug hu los ntawm BISFA (International Man-made Fiber and Synthetic Fiber Standards Bureau), thiab cov cellulose fiber rov tsim dua tau raug hu ua Lyocell. "Lyo" los ntawm lo lus Greek "Lyein", uas txhais tau tias yaj, "cell" yog coj los ntawm cellulose "Cellulose", ob qho ua ke yog "Lyocell", thiab cov lus Suav homonym hu ua Lyocell. Cov neeg txawv teb chaws muaj kev nkag siab zoo txog kab lis kev cai Suav thaum xaiv lub npe khoom. Lyocell, nws lub npe khoom yog Tencel® lossis "Tencel®".
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Ob Hlis-30-2022