1. Ihlelwe ngokweteknoloji yokucubungula
Ifayibha ehlaziyiweyo yenziwe ngeefayibha zendalo (ii-cotton linters, umthi, uqalo, i-hemp, i-bagasse, i-reed, njl.njl.) ngenkqubo ethile yeekhemikhali kunye nokujikelezisa ukuze kuphinde kubumbe iimolekyuli ze-cellulose, ezaziwa ngokuba ziifayibha ezenziwe ngumntu. Ngenxa yokuba ulwakhiwo lweekhemikhali kunye nolwakhiwo lweekhemikhali alutshintshi ngexesha lokucubungula, ukwenziwa kunye nokujikelezisa izinto zendalo, ikwabizwa ngokuba yifayibha ehlaziyiweyo.
Ukususela kwiimfuno zenkqubo yokucubungula kunye nokwehla komgangatho wokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, inokwahlulwa ibe lukhuselo olungelulo okusingqongileyo (indlela yokuchithwa kwe-cotton/wood pulp indirect) kunye nenkqubo yokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo (indlela yokuchithwa kwe-cotton/wood pulp direct). Inkqubo yokukhusela engelulo okusingqongileyo (njenge-viscose Rayon yendabuko) kukususa i-sulfonate ye-cotton/wood pulp ephathwe nge-alkali nge-carbon disulfide kunye ne-alkali cellulose ukwenza isisombululo se-spinning stock, kwaye ekugqibeleni kusetyenziswe i-wet spinning ukuphinda ivelise. Yenziwe nge-cellulose coagulation.
Itekhnoloji yokukhusela indalo (efana ne-lyocell) isebenzisa isisombululo samanzi se-N-methylmorpholine oxide (NMMO) njengesinyibilikisi sokunyibilikisa ngokuthe ngqo i-cellulose pulp kwisisombululo sokujikelezisa, size emva koko sisicubungule ngokujikelezisa okumanzi okanye ngokujikelezisa okomileyo okwenziweyo. Xa kuthelekiswa nendlela yokuvelisa i-viscose fiber eqhelekileyo, inzuzo enkulu kukuba i-NMMO inokunyibilikisa ngokuthe ngqo i-cellulose pulp, inkqubo yokuvelisa i-spinning dope ingenziwa lula kakhulu, izinga lokubuyisela isisombululo linokufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-99%, kwaye inkqubo yokuvelisa ayingcolisi okusingqongileyo. Iinkqubo zokuvelisa zeTencel®, Richel®, Gracell®, Yingcell®, bamboo fiber, kunye neMacelle zonke ziinkqubo ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo.
2. Ukwahlulahlula ngokweempawu eziphambili zomzimba
Izalathisi eziphambili ezifana ne-modulus, amandla, kunye ne-crystallinity (ingakumbi phantsi kweemeko ezimanzi) zizinto ezibalulekileyo ezichaphazela ukutyibilika kwelaphu, ukungena komswakama, kunye ne-drape. Umzekelo, i-viscose eqhelekileyo ine-hygroscopicity egqwesileyo kunye neempawu ezilula zokudaya, kodwa i-modulus kunye namandla ayo aphantsi, ingakumbi amandla amanzi aphantsi. I-modal fiber iphucula iziphene ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla ze-viscose fiber, kwaye inamandla aphezulu kunye ne-modulus kwimeko emanzi, ngoko ke idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-high wet modulus viscose fiber. Ulwakhiwo lwe-Modal kunye nenqanaba le-polymerization ye-cellulose kwi-molecule ziphezulu kune-viscose fiber eqhelekileyo kwaye ziphantsi kune-Lyocell. Ilaphu ligudileyo, umphezulu welaphu ukhanya kwaye uyakhazimla, kwaye ukugungqa kungcono kunekotoni ekhoyo, i-polyester, kunye ne-rayon. Ine-luster efana nesilika kunye nemvakalelo, kwaye yilaphu lendalo le-mercerized.
3. Imithetho Yamagama Orhwebo LweeFiber Ezihlaziyiweyo
Iimveliso ze-cellulose ezihlaziyiweyo ze-modulus eziluhlaza nezinomswakama ophezulu eziphuculweyo kwilizwe lam zilandela imithetho ethile ngokwegama leemveliso. Ukuze kube lula urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, zihlala zinamagama aseTshayina (okanye ama-pinyin aseTshayina) kunye namagama esiNgesi. Kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili zamagama amatsha emveliso ye-viscose fiber eluhlaza:
Enye yiModal (Modal). Kusenokuba yinto eyenzeka ngengozi ukuba igama lesiNgesi elithi "Mo" libizwa ngendlela efanayo nelithi "wood" laseTshayina, ngoko ke abathengisi basebenzisa oku ukubhengeza igama elithi "Modal" ukugxininisa ukuba ifayibha isebenzisa imithi yendalo njengezinto eziluhlaza, nto leyo eneneni yi "Modal". Amazwe angaphandle asebenzisa kakhulu i-pulp yomthi esemgangathweni ophezulu, kwaye igama elithi "Dyer" kukuguqulelwa koonobumba abasemva kolwimi lwesiNgesi. Ngokusekelwe koku, nayiphi na ifayibha ene "Dyer" kwiimveliso zeenkampani zokwenza ifayibha yokwenziwa zelizwe lethu ikweli hlobo lwemveliso, ebizwa ngokuba yiChina Modal. : Ezifana neNewdal (Newdal strong viscose fiber), Sadal (Sadal), Bamboodale, Thincell, njl.
Okwesibini, amagama eLyocell (Leocell) kunye neTencel® (Tencel) achaneke ngakumbi. Igama lesiTshayina le-Lyocell (lyocell) fiber ebhaliswe kwilizwe lam yinkampani yaseBritane iAcordis yi-"Tencel®". Ngo-1989, igama le-Lyocell (Lyocell) fiber lathiywa yi-BISFA (International Man-made Man Fiber and Synthetic Fiber Standards Bureau), kwaye i-cellulose fiber ehlaziyiweyo yathiywa igama elithi Lyocell. Igama elithi "Lyo" livela kwigama lesiGrike elithi "Lyein", elithetha ukunyibilikisa, "iseli" lithathwe kwi-cellulose "Cellulose", zombini zidibene yi-"Lyocell", kwaye igama lesiTshayina libizwa ngokuba yiLyocell. Abantu bamanye amazwe bayiqonda kakuhle inkcubeko yaseTshayina xa bekhetha igama lemveliso. I-Lyocell, igama lemveliso yayo yiTencel® okanye "Tencel®".
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-30-2022