Imyambaro ya viscose ya rayon "irinda ibidukikije" irimo kwangiza ishyamba ry'imvura

Rayon ya Viscose ikunze kwitwa umwenda urambye. Ariko ubushakashatsi bushya bwerekana ko umwe mu bayicuruza cyane arimo kugira uruhare mu itemwa ry'amashyamba muri Indoneziya.
Nk’uko raporo za NBC zibitangaza, amashusho ya satelite y’ishyamba ry’inzitane ryo mu turere dushyuha two muri leta ya Kalimantan muri Indoneziya agaragaza ko nubwo hari hashyizweho amasezerano yo guhagarika gutema amashyamba, imwe mu nganda nini ku isi itanga imyenda ku bigo nka Adidas, Abercrombie & Fitch, na H&M, ariko ishobora gukomeza gukata ishyamba ry’inzitane. Ubushakashatsi ku makuru.
Rayon ya Viscose ni umwenda ukozwe mu bimera by’ibiti bya eucalyptus n’ibiti by’imigano. Kubera ko idakozwe mu bicuruzwa bya peteroli, ikunze kwamamazwa nk'uburyo butangiza ibidukikije kurusha imyenda nka polyester na nylon ikozwe muri peteroli. Mu buryo bwa tekiniki, ibi biti bishobora kuvugururwa, bigatuma rayon ya viscose iba amahitamo meza mu gukora ibintu nk'imyenda n'udutambaro two guhanagura abana n'udupfukamunwa.
Ariko uburyo ibi biti bisarurwamo nabyo bishobora kwangiza byinshi. Mu myaka myinshi, inyinshi mu nganda zitanga ibiti bya viscose rayon ku isi zaturutse muri Indoneziya, aho abatanga ibiti bagiye bakuraho kenshi amashyamba ya kera yo mu turere dushyuha kandi bagatera rayon. Kimwe n'imirima ya peteroli y'ibitoki, imwe mu nganda nini zo muri Indoneziya zitera amashyamba, igihingwa kimwe giterwa kugira ngo gikore rayon ya viscose kizumisha ubutaka, bigatuma bushobora kwibasirwa n'inkongi z'umuriro; kikangiza aho inyamaswa ziri mu kaga nk'ama-orangutans ari; kandi gikura dioxyde de carbone nkeya ugereranyije n'ishyamba ry'imvura risimbura. (Inyigo ku mirima ya peteroli y'ibitoki yasohotse mu 2018 yasanze buri hegitari y'ishyamba ry'ishyamba rishyuha rihinduka igihingwa kimwe gisohora karubone ingana n'iy'abantu barenga 500 bava i Jeneve bajya i New York.)
Muri Mata 2015, Asia Pacific Resources International Holdings Limited (APRIL), imwe mu sosiyete nini icuruza ibiti n'amashyamba muri Indoneziya, yiyemeje guhagarika gukoresha ibiti biva mu mashyamba y'inkeri n'amashyamba y'inzitane. Isezeranya kandi gusarura ibiti mu buryo burambye. Ariko umuryango urengera ibidukikije wasohoye raporo ikoresheje amakuru ya satelite umwaka ushize yerekana uburyo sosiyete ifatanya na APRIL n'isosiyete ifite ubwishingizi bw'ibidukikije bagikomeje gutera amashyamba, harimo no gukuraho hafi kilometero kare 73 z'amashyamba mu myaka itanu ishize isezerano ribaye. (Isosiyete yahakanye ibi birego kuri NBC.)
Ishimire! Amazon iri kugurisha udusanduku tw’uburinzi twa silicone kuri iPhone 13, iPhone 13 Pro na iPhone 13 Pro Max ku giciro gito cya $12.
Edward Boyda, umwe mu bashinze Earthrise, wasuzumye ishusho ya NBC News, yagize ati: “Wavuye ahantu hatandukanye cyane ku isi ukagera ahantu hameze nk’ubutayu bw’ibinyabuzima.”
Dukurikije ibyatangajwe n’ikigo cya NBC, imyanda yakuwe muri Kalimantan na amwe mu masosiyete y’ubucuruzi yoherejwe mu kigo gitunganya ibintu mu Bushinwa, aho imyenda yakozwe yagurishwaga ku bigo bikomeye.
Mu myaka 20 ishize, ishyamba ry’inzitane ryo muri Indoneziya ryagabanutse cyane, ahanini bitewe n’ikenerwa rya peteroli y’amapaleti. Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2014 bwagaragaje ko igipimo cyo gutema amashyamba ari cyo kiri hejuru cyane ku isi. Bitewe n’impamvu zitandukanye, harimo n’ibyo leta isaba abakora peteroli y’amapaleti, gutema amashyamba byagabanutse mu myaka itanu ishize. Icyorezo cya covid-19 nacyo cyagabanyije umusaruro.
Ariko abahanga mu by’ibidukikije bafite impungenge ko gukenera imbaho ​​zikomoka ku mpapuro n’imyenda - bitewe n’izamuka ry’imideli ryihuse - bishobora gutuma amashyamba yongera kugaruka. Ibigo byinshi by’imideli bikomeye ku isi ntibiratangaza inkomoko y’imyenda yabyo, ibyo bikaba byongera ikindi gice cy’urujijo ku bibera ku butaka.
“Mu myaka mike iri imbere, ndahangayitse cyane ku bijyanye n’ibinure n’ibiti,” Timer Manurung, umuyobozi w’umuryango utegamiye kuri leta wo muri Indoneziya witwa Auriga, yabwiye NBC.