I-rayon yeViscose idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yilaphu elihlala ixesha elide. Kodwa uphando olutsha lubonisa ukuba omnye wabathengisi bayo abadumileyo unegalelo ekutshatyalalisweni kwamahlathi e-Indonesia.
Ngokweengxelo ze-NBC, imifanekiso yesathelayithi yehlathi lemvula elikwilizwe lase-Indonesia iKalimantan ibonisa ukuba nangona bezibophelelo zangaphambili zokuyeka ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, omnye wabavelisi bamalaphu abakhulu emhlabeni ubonelela ngamalaphu kwiinkampani ezifana ne-Adidas, i-Abercrombie & Fitch, kunye ne-H&M, kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba useClearing the rainforest. Uphando lweendaba.
I-Viscose rayon ngelaphu elenziwe nge-pulp yemithi ye-eucalyptus kunye ne-bamboo. Ekubeni ingenziwanga ngeemveliso ze-petrochemical, idla ngokubhengezwa njengokhetho olunobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kuneempahla ezifana ne-polyester kunye ne-nylon ezenziwe nge-petroleum. Ngokwetekhnoloji, le mithi inokuhlaziywa, nto leyo eyenza i-viscose rayon ibe lolona khetho lungcono ngokwethiyori lokuvelisa izinto ezifana neempahla kunye nee-baby wipes kunye neemaski.
Kodwa indlela ezivunwa ngayo ezi mithi inokubangela umonakalo omkhulu. Kangangeminyaka emininzi, uninzi lwemithombo ye-viscose rayon ehlabathini ivela e-Indonesia, apho abathengisi beenkuni bebesoloko besusa amahlathi amandulo emvula kwaye batyala i-rayon. Njengezityalo ze-palm oil, enye yezona ndawo zinkulu zoshishino zase-Indonesia zokutshabalalisa amahlathi, isityalo esinye esityalwe ukuvelisa i-viscose rayon siya komisa umhlaba, siwenze ube sesichengeni somlilo wehlathi; sitshabalalise indawo yokuhlala yeentlobo ezisengozini ezifana nee-orangutans Land; kwaye sifunxa i-carbon dioxide encinci kakhulu kunehlathi lemvula elilithatha indawo yalo. (Uphononongo malunga nezityalo ze-palm oil ezapapashwa ngo-2018 lufumanise ukuba ihektare nganye yehlathi lemvula eliguqulwa libe sisityalo esinye ikhupha phantse inani elifanayo le-carbon njengoko abantu abangaphezu kwama-500 besuka eGeneva besiya eNew York bebaleka.)
Ngo-Epreli 2015, i-Asia Pacific Resources International Holdings Limited (APRIL), enye yezona nkampani zinkulu zokuthengisa imithi e-Indonesia, yafunga ukuba iza kuyeka ukusebenzisa imithi evela kwiindawo ezinamahlathi kunye namahlathi emvula ashushu. Ikwathembisa ukuvuna imithi ngendlela ezinzileyo. Kodwa le ntlangano yokusingqongileyo ikhuphe ingxelo esebenzisa idatha yesathelayithi kunyaka ophelileyo ebonisa indlela inkampani engoogxa baka-APRIL kunye nenkampani ephetheyo abasaqhubeka ngayo nokususa amahlathi, kuquka nokucocwa kwamahlathi amalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-28 (iikhilomitha ezingama-73 zesikwere) kwiminyaka emihlanu ukusukela kwisithembiso. (Inkampani yazikhanyela ezi zityholo kwi-NBC.)
Yilungele! IAmazon ithengisa iibhokisi zokukhusela zesilicone ze-iPhone 13, i-iPhone 13 Pro kunye ne-iPhone 13 Pro Max ngesaphulelo se-$12.
“Usuke kwenye yezona ndawo zinezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo ehlabathini waya kwindawo efana nentlango yezinto eziphilayo,” utshilo u-Edward Boyda, umseki we-Earthrise, owajonga umfanekiso wesathelayithi egawuliweyo ye-NBC News.
Ngokwezibhengezo zeenkampani ezibonwe yi-NBC, i-pulp ekhutshwe kwiKalimantan zezinye zeenkampani ezigcina impahla yathunyelwa kwinkampani yokucwangcisa eTshayina, apho amalaphu avelisiweyo athengiswa kwiinkampani ezinkulu.
Kwiminyaka engama-20 edlulileyo, ihlathi lemvula lase-Indonesia liye lehla kakhulu, ikakhulu ngenxa yemfuno yeoyile yesundu. Uphononongo lwango-2014 lufumanise ukuba izinga lokugawulwa kwamahlathi lelona liphezulu kwihlabathi liphela. Ngenxa yezinto ezahlukeneyo, kuquka iimfuno zikarhulumente kubavelisi beoyile yesundu, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kuye kwehla kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo. Ubhubhane we-covid-19 nawo uye wanciphisa imveliso.
Kodwa iingcali zendalo zixhalabile kukuba imfuno ye-pulpwood evela ephepheni nakulaphu - ngokuyinxenye ngenxa yokwanda kwefashoni ekhawulezayo - inokukhokelela ekuphindeni kokutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi. Iinkampani ezininzi zefashoni eziphambili kwihlabathi azikayivezi imvelaphi yamalaphu azo, nto leyo eyongeza olunye ungqimba lokungabonakali koko kwenzekayo emhlabeni.
“Kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo, ndixhalabele kakhulu i-pulp kunye ne-wood,” utshilo uTimer Manurung, intloko ye-NGO yase-Indonesia u-Auriga, kwi-NBC.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Jan-04-2022