I-viscose rayon ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi indwangu ehlala isikhathi eside. Kodwa inhlolovo entsha ikhombisa ukuthi omunye wabahlinzeki bayo abadumile unegalelo ekugawulweni kwamahlathi e-Indonesia.
Ngokusho kwemibiko ye-NBC, izithombe zesathelayithi zehlathi lemvula elishisayo esifundazweni sase-Indonesia iKalimantan zibonisa ukuthi naphezu kwezibopho zangaphambilini zokuvimba ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, omunye wabakhiqizi bezindwangu abakhulu emhlabeni uhlinzeka ngezindwangu ezinkampanini ezifana ne-Adidas, i-Abercrombie & Fitch, kanye ne-H&M, kodwa angase aqhubeke nokuhlanza ihlathi lemvula. Ucwaningo lwezindaba.
I-viscose rayon iyindwangu eyenziwe nge-pulp yezihlahla ze-eucalyptus kanye ne-bamboo. Njengoba ingenziwanga ngemikhiqizo ye-petrochemical, ivame ukukhangiswa njengenketho enobungani nemvelo kunezindwangu ezifana ne-polyester ne-nylon ezenziwe nge-petroleum. Ngobuchwepheshe, lezi zihlahla zingavuselelwa, okwenza i-viscose rayon ibe yisinqumo esingcono ngokwengqondo sokukhiqiza izinto ezifana nezingubo kanye nama-baby wipes kanye nama-masks.
Kodwa indlela lezi zihlahla ezivunwa ngayo ingadala umonakalo omkhulu. Sekuyiminyaka eminingi, iningi lemithombo ye-viscose rayon emhlabeni livela e-Indonesia, lapho abahlinzeki bezinkuni bebelokhu behlanza khona amahlathi emvula asendulo futhi betshala i-rayon. Njengezindawo zokutshala uwoyela wesundu, enye yezindawo ezinkulu zezimboni zase-Indonesia zokugawulwa kwamahlathi, isitshalo esisodwa esitshalwe ukukhiqiza i-viscose rayon sizomisa umhlaba, siwenze ube sengozini yomlilo wamahlathi; sibhubhise indawo yokuhlala yezinhlobo ezisengozini yokuqothulwa njenge-orangutan Land; futhi simunca i-carbon dioxide encane kakhulu kunehlathi lemvula elilithatha indawo yalo. (Ucwaningo olwenziwe ngezindawo zokutshala uwoyela wesundu olwanyatheliswa ngo-2018 luthole ukuthi ihektha ngalinye lehlathi lemvula eliguqulwa libe yisitshalo esisodwa likhipha cishe inani elifanayo le-carbon njengoba abantu abangaphezu kuka-500 besuka eGeneva beya eNew York besuka eGeneva.)
Ngo-Ephreli 2015, i-Asia Pacific Resources International Holdings Limited (APRIL), enye yabahlinzeki abakhulu be-pulp kanye nezinkuni e-Indonesia, yafunga ukuyeka ukusebenzisa izinkuni ezivela ezindaweni ezinamahlathi kanye namahlathi emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo. Iphinde ithembise ukuvuna izihlahla ngendlela eqhubekayo. Kodwa inhlangano yezemvelo yakhipha umbiko isebenzisa idatha yesathelayithi ngonyaka odlule ekhombisa ukuthi inkampani engudadewabo ka-APRIL kanye nenkampani ephethe izimpahla basaqhubeka kanjani nokuqothula amahlathi, okuhlanganisa nokuhlanzwa kwamahlathi acishe abe ngamakhilomitha-skwele angu-28 (amakhilomitha-skwele angu-73) eminyakeni emihlanu kusukela kwathenjiswa. (Inkampani yaphika lezi zinsolo ku-NBC.)
Ilungele! I-Amazon ithengisa amakesi okuvikela e-silicone e-iPhone 13, i-iPhone 13 Pro kanye ne-iPhone 13 Pro Max ngesaphulelo esingu-$12.
“Usuke kwenye yezindawo ezihluke kakhulu ngokwezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni waya endaweni efana nogwadule oluphilayo,” kusho u-Edward Boyda, umsunguli we-Earthrise, owahlola isithombe sesathelayithi esigawuliwe ukuze athole isithombe se-NBC News.
Ngokusho kwezembulo zezinkampani ezibonwe yi-NBC, i-pulp ekhishwe eKalimantan ngezinye zezinkampani eziphethe yathunyelwa enkampanini yokucubungula eShayina, lapho izindwangu ezikhiqizwe zathengiswa khona ezinkampanini ezinkulu.
Eminyakeni engama-20 edlule, ihlathi lemvula lase-Indonesia lehle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yesidingo samafutha esundu. Ucwaningo lwango-2014 luthole ukuthi izinga lokugawulwa kwamahlathi liphezulu kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngenxa yezici ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa nezidingo zikahulumeni zabakhiqizi bamafutha esundu, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kuye kwehla eminyakeni emihlanu edlule. Ubhubhane lwe-covid-19 luye lwanciphisa nokukhiqiza.
Kodwa izazi zemvelo zikhathazekile ngokuthi isidingo sezinkuni ze-pulp ezivela ephepheni nasezindwanguni - ngokwengxenye ngenxa yokwanda kwemfashini esheshayo - kungaholela ekuphindeni kokugawulwa kwamahlathi. Izinhlobo eziningi zemfashini ezinkulu emhlabeni azikayivezi imvelaphi yezindwangu zazo, okwengeza olunye ungqimba lokungacaci kulokho okwenzekayo emhlabathini.
“Eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, ngikhathazeke kakhulu nge-pulp kanye nokhuni,” kusho uTimer Manurung, inhloko ye-NGO yase-Indonesia u-Auriga, etshela i-NBC.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-04-2022