Abahanga mu bya siyansi bo muri Kaminuza ya De Montfort (DMU) i Leicester baburiye ko virusi isa n'ubwoko butera Covid-19 ishobora kubaho ku myambaro no gukwirakwira ahandi hantu mu gihe cy'amasaha 72.
Mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe ku bijyanye n'uburyo coronavirus yitwara ku myenda itatu ikoreshwa mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi, abashakashatsi basanze ibimenyetso byayo bishobora kwanduzanya mu gihe cy'iminsi itatu.
Ubu bushakashatsi buyobowe n'umuhanga mu by'ibinyabuzima Dr. Katie Laird, umuhanga mu by'indwara z'ibiyobyabwenge Dr. Maitreyi Shivkumar, n'umushakashatsi mu by'ubuvuzi Dr. Lucy Owen, bukubiyemo kongeramo ibitonyanga bya coronavirus y'icyitegererezo yitwa HCoV-OC43, imiterere yayo n'uburyo bwo kubaho bisa n'ibya SARS-CoV-2, biganisha kuri Covid-19-polyester, ipamba rya polyester na 100% by'ipamba.
Ibisubizo bigaragaza ko polyester ari yo ishobora gukwirakwiza virusi. Virusi yandura iracyabaho nyuma y'iminsi itatu kandi ishobora kwimurirwa ahandi hantu. Ku ipamba 100%, virusi imara amasaha 24, mu gihe ku ipamba rya polyester, virusi imara amasaha 6 gusa.
Dr. Katie Laird, umuyobozi w’itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi ku ndwara zandura rya DMU, yagize ati: “Ubwo icyorezo cyatangiraga, nta byinshi byari bizwi ku gihe coronavirus ishobora kumara ku myenda.”
“Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bwacu bigaragaza ko imyenda itatu ikoreshwa cyane mu buvuzi iri mu kaga ko gukwirakwiza iyi virusi. Abaforomo n’abakozi bo kwa muganga baramutse bajyanye imyenda yabo mu rugo, bashobora gusiga ibimenyetso bya virusi ku yindi migabane.”
Umwaka ushize, mu rwego rwo guhangana n’icyorezo, Ikigo gishinzwe ubuzima rusange mu Bwongereza (PHE) cyatanze amabwiriza avuga ko imyenda y’abaganga igomba gusukurwa mu nganda, ariko aho bidashoboka, abakozi bagomba kujyana imyenda mu rugo kugira ngo bayisukure.
Muri icyo gihe, amabwiriza ya NHS agenga imyenda n'imyambaro y'akazi avuga ko ari byiza gusukura imyenda y'abakozi bo kwa muganga mu rugo mu gihe ubushyuhe bugera kuri dogere selisiyusi 60 nibura.
Dr. Laird ahangayikishijwe n'uko ibimenyetso bishyigikira iyi mvugo yavuzwe haruguru bishingiye ahanini ku nyandiko ebyiri zishaje zasohotse mu 2007.
Mu gusubiza, yatanze igitekerezo cy'uko imyenda yose y'ubuvuzi ya leta igomba gusukurwa mu bitaro hakurikijwe amahame y'ubucuruzi cyangwa mu nganda zimesa imyenda.
Kuva icyo gihe, yafatanyije gusohora inyandiko nshya kandi yuzuye, isuzuma ingaruka z’imyenda mu ikwirakwira ry’indwara, kandi ishimangira ko ari ngombwa gukoresha uburyo bwo kurwanya ubwandu mu gihe cyo gufata imyenda yanduye.
Yakomeje agira ati: “Nyuma yo gusuzuma inyandiko, icyiciro gikurikira cy’akazi kacu ni ukureba ingaruka zo kurwanya ubwandu ziterwa no gusukura imyenda y’abaganga yanduye coronavirus. Nitumara kumenya igipimo cy’ubuzima bwa coronavirus kuri buri mwenda, tuzibanda ku kugena uburyo bwizewe bwo gukuraho virusi.”
Abahanga mu bya siyansi bakoresha ipamba 100%, ari yo myenda ikoreshwa cyane mu buzima, kugira ngo bakore ibizamini byinshi bakoresheje ubushyuhe butandukanye bw'amazi n'uburyo bwo kumesa, harimo imashini zo mu ngo, imashini zo mu nganda, imashini zo kumesa zo mu bitaro, na sisitemu yo gusukura ozone (ingufu zikora cyane).
Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko ingaruka zo gukaraba no gushonga kw'amazi zari zihagije kugira ngo zikureho virusi mu mashini zose zo kumesa zapimwe.
Ariko, ubwo itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi ryanduzaga imyenda n’amacandwe y’ubukorano arimo virusi (kugira ngo bigane ibyago byo kwandura mu kanwa k’umuntu wanduye), basanze imashini zo kumesa mu ngo zitarakuraho burundu virusi, kandi hari ibimenyetso byazo byarokotse.
Iyo bongeyeho isabune bongera ubushyuhe bw'amazi, iyo virusi iracika burundu. Mu gusuzuma uburyo virusi idashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe gusa, ibisubizo byagaragaje ko coronavirus ihagaze neza mu mazi kugeza kuri dogere selisiyusi 60, ariko ikaba idakora kuri dogere selisiyusi 67.
Hanyuma, itsinda ryize ku ngaruka zo kwanduzwa n’abandi, bamesa imyenda isukuye n’imyenda irimo uduce twa virusi. Basanze uburyo bwose bwo gusukura bwari bwarakuyeho virusi, kandi nta ngaruka zari zihari zo kwanduzwa n’ibindi bintu.
Dr. Laird yasobanuye agira ati: “Nubwo dushobora kubona mu bushakashatsi bwacu ko no gukaraba ibi bikoresho mu mashini yo mu rugo mu buryo bushyushye cyane bishobora gukuraho virusi, ntibikuraho ibyago byo kumera imyenda yanduye igasiga ibimenyetso bya coronavirus ku yindi migabane. Mbere yo kumesa mu rugo cyangwa mu modoka.
“Ubu tuzi ko virusi ishobora kumara amasaha agera kuri 72 ku myenda imwe n'imwe, kandi ishobora no kwimurirwa ahandi hantu.”
“Ubu bushakashatsi bushimangira icyifuzo cyanjye cy’uko imyenda yose yo kwa muganga igomba gusukurwa aho ikorerwa mu bitaro cyangwa mu byumba byo kumesa imyenda. Ubu buryo bwo gusukura buragenzurwa, kandi abaforomo n’abakozi bo kwa muganga ntibagomba guhangayikishwa no kuzana virusi mu rugo.”
Impuguke mu makuru ajyanye n'iyi nkuru ziburira ko imyenda y'ubuvuzi idakwiye gusukurwa mu rugo mu gihe cy'icyorezo. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko uburyo bwo gusukura ozone bushobora gukuraho coronavirus mu myenda. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ingwa yo kuzamuka mu kirere idashoboka ko yakwirakwiza coronavirus.
Babifashijwemo n'Ishyirahamwe ry'Abacuruzi b'Imyenda mu Bwongereza, Dr. Laird, Dr. Shivkumar na Dr. Owen basangiye ibyo bagezeho n'impuguke mu nganda zo mu Bwongereza, muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika no mu Burayi.
“Inyishu yari nziza cyane,” Dr. Laird yagize ati: “Amashyirahamwe y’imyenda n’imyenda hirya no hino ku isi ubu arimo gushyira mu bikorwa amakuru y’ingenzi ari mu mabwiriza yacu yo kumena amafaranga mu rwego rw’ubuzima kugira ngo hirindwe ikwirakwira ry’icyorezo cya coronavirus.”
David Stevens, umuyobozi mukuru w’ishyirahamwe ry’abakozi bashinzwe imyenda mu Bwongereza, ishyirahamwe ry’abakozi bashinzwe kwita ku myenda, yagize ati: “Muri iki cyorezo, dufite ubumenyi bw’ibanze bw’uko imyenda atari yo itera icyorezo cya coronavirus.”
“Icyakora, nta makuru dufite ku bijyanye n’uko izi virusi zihagaze mu bwoko butandukanye bw’imyenda no mu buryo butandukanye bwo kumesa. Ibi byatumye habaho amakuru atari yo ndetse n’inama nyinshi zo kumesa.”
“Twasuzumye mu buryo burambuye uburyo n’ibikorwa by’ubushakashatsi byakoreshejwe na Dr. Laird n’ikipe ye, kandi twasanze ubu bushakashatsi bwizewe, bushobora kongera gukorwa kandi bushobora kongera gukorwa. Umwanzuro w’uyu murimo wakozwe na DMU ushimangira uruhare runini rwo kurwanya umwanda - haba mu ngo zikiri mu nganda.”
Inyandiko y'ubushakashatsi yasohotse mu kinyamakuru Open Access Journal of the American Society for Microbiology.
Kugira ngo hakorwe ubushakashatsi burambuye, itsinda ryafatanyije n'itsinda rya DMU rishinzwe imitekerereze n'imitekerereze n'ibitaro bya kaminuza bya Leicester NHS Trust mu mushinga wo gusuzuma ubumenyi n'imyitwarire y'abaforomo n'abakozi b'abaganga ku bijyanye no gusukura imyenda mu gihe cy'icyorezo cya Covid-19.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-18-2021