Izazinzulu kwiYunivesithi yaseDe Montfort (DMU) eLeicester zilumkisile ukuba intsholongwane efana nohlobo olubangela iCovid-19 inokuphila kwiimpahla ize isasazeke kwezinye iindawo ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezingama-72.
Kwisifundo esihlola indlela i-coronavirus eziphatha ngayo kwiintlobo ezintathu zamalaphu asetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini lezempilo, abaphandi bafumanise ukuba la mathambo anokuhlala esosulelayo kangangeentsuku ezintathu.
Phantsi kobunkokeli bengcali ye-microbiologist uGqr. Katie Laird, ingcali ye-virologist uGqr. Maitreyi Shivkumar, kunye nomphandi we-postdoctoral uGqr. Lucy Owen, olu phando lubandakanya ukongeza amathontsi e-coronavirus yomzekelo ebizwa ngokuba yi-HCoV-OC43, enesakhiwo sayo kunye nendlela yokusinda efana neye-SARS-CoV-2 efana kakhulu, nto leyo ekhokelela kwi-Covid-19-polyester, i-polyester cotton kunye ne-100% cotton.
Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba i-polyester yeyona mngcipheko mkhulu wokusasaza intsholongwane. Intsholongwane esulelayo isaphila emva kweentsuku ezintathu kwaye inokudluliselwa kwezinye iindawo. Kwi-100% yekotoni, intsholongwane ihlala iiyure ezingama-24, ngelixa kwi-polyester cotton, intsholongwane ihlala iiyure ezi-6 kuphela.
UGqr. Katie Laird, intloko yeqela loPhando lweZifo eziThathelanayo zeDMU, uthe: “Xa ubhubhane waqala, kwakungaziwayo ukuba i-coronavirus inokuphila ixesha elingakanani kwiimpahla zelaphu.”
“Iziphumo zethu zibonisa ukuba amalaphu amathathu asetyenziswa kakhulu kwezonyango asemngciphekweni wokusasaza intsholongwane. Ukuba abahlengikazi kunye nabasebenzi bezonyango bathatha iiyunifomu zabo bagoduke nazo, banokushiya imiqondiso yentsholongwane kwezinye iindawo.”
Kunyaka ophelileyo, ngenxa yobhubhane, i-Public Health England (PHE) ikhuphe izikhokelo ezithi iiyunifomu zabasebenzi bezonyango mazicocwe kwimizi-mveliso, kodwa apho kungenakwenzeka khona, abasebenzi mabathathe iiyunifomu baye nazo ekhaya ukuze zicocwe.
Kwangaxeshanye, i-NHS Uniform kunye ne-Workwear Guidelines icacisa ukuba kukhuselekile ukucoca iiyunifomu zabasebenzi bezonyango ekhaya logama nje ubushushu bubekwe ubuncinane kwi-60°C.
UGqr. Laird ukhathazekile kukuba ubungqina obuxhasa le ngxelo ingasentla busekelwe ikakhulu kuphononongo lweencwadi ezimbini eziphelelwe lixesha ezapapashwa ngo-2007.
Ephendula, ucebise ukuba zonke iiyunifomu zonyango zikarhulumente mazicocwe ezibhedlele ngokwemigangatho yezorhwebo okanye kwiindawo zokuhlamba iimpahla zoshishino.
Ukususela ngoko, uye wapapasha uphononongo oluhlaziyiweyo nolupheleleyo loncwadi, evavanya umngcipheko wempahla esasazekileyo ekusasazekeni kwezifo, kwaye egxininisa imfuneko yeenkqubo zokulawula usulelo xa kusingathwa impahla yezonyango engcolileyo.
“Emva kophononongo lweencwadi, inqanaba elilandelayo lomsebenzi wethu kukuvavanya iingozi zokulawula usulelo lokucoca iiyunifomu zonyango ezingcoliswe yi-coronavirus,” uqhubeke watsho. “Nje ukuba sigqibe izinga lokusinda kwe-coronavirus kwilaphu ngalinye, siza kujika ingqalelo yethu ekumiseleni eyona ndlela ithembekileyo yokuhlamba ukuze kususwe intsholongwane.”
Izazinzulu zisebenzisa i-100% yekotoni, eyona mpahla yezempilo esetyenziswa kakhulu, ukwenza uvavanyo oluninzi zisebenzisa amaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo amanzi kunye neendlela zokuhlamba, kubandakanya oomatshini bokuhlamba basekhaya, oomatshini bokuhlamba bemizi-mveliso, oomatshini bokuhlamba bangaphakathi esibhedlele, kunye nenkqubo yokucoca i-ozone (igesi esabela kakhulu).
Iziphumo zibonise ukuba isiphumo sokuxutywa kwamanzi sanele ukususa iintsholongwane kuzo zonke iimatshini zokuhlamba ezivavanyiweyo.
Nangona kunjalo, xa iqela lophando langcolisa amalaphu ngamathe okwenziwa aqulethe intsholongwane (ukulinganisa umngcipheko wokosuleleka emlonyeni womntu osulelekileyo), bafumanise ukuba oomatshini bokuhlamba impahla basekhaya abazange bayisuse ngokupheleleyo intsholongwane, kwaye ezinye iintsalela zasinda.
Kuphela xa bongeza isepha baze baphakamise ubushushu bamanzi, intsholongwane iyatshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo. Uphando lokumelana kwentsholongwane nobushushu bodwa, iziphumo zibonise ukuba i-coronavirus izinzile emanzini ukuya kuthi ga kwi-60°C, kodwa ayisebenzi kwi-67°C.
Emva koko, iqela lihlolisise umngcipheko wokosuleleka ngamagciwane, lihlamba iimpahla ezicocekileyo kunye neempahla ezineentsholongwane kunye. Bafumanise ukuba zonke iinkqubo zokucoca zisusile intsholongwane, kwaye akukho mngcipheko wokuba ezinye izinto zingcoliswe.
UGqr. Laird ucacisile: “Nangona sinokubona kuphando lwethu ukuba nokuhlanjwa kwezi zinto ngobushushu obuphezulu kumatshini wokuhlamba wasekhaya kunokuyisusa intsholongwane, kodwa akuyisusi ingozi yokuba iimpahla ezingcolileyo zishiye imikhondo ye-coronavirus kwezinye iindawo. Ngaphambi kokuba zihlanjwe ekhaya okanye emotweni.
“Ngoku siyazi ukuba intsholongwane ingaphila ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezingama-72 kwiimpahla ezithile, kwaye ingadluliselwa nakwezinye iindawo.”
“Olu phando luqinisa ingcebiso yam yokuba zonke iiyunifomu zonyango mazicocwe kwindawo ezibhedlele okanye kumagumbi okuhlamba impahla yemizi-mveliso. Ezi ndlela zokucoca zijongiwe, kwaye abahlengikazi kunye nabasebenzi bezonyango akufuneki bakhathazeke ngokuzisa intsholongwane ekhaya.”
Iingcali zeendaba ezinxulumene noko zilumkisa ukuba iiyunifomu zonyango akufuneki zicocwe emakhaya ngexesha lobhubhane. Uphando lubonisa ukuba iinkqubo zokucoca i-ozone zinokususa i-coronavirus kwiimpahla. Uphando lubonisa ukuba itshokhwe yokukhwela akunakwenzeka ukuba isasaze i-coronavirus.
Ngoncedo lweBritish Textile Trade Association, uGqr. Laird, uGqr. Shivkumar kunye noGqr. Owen babelane ngeziphumo zabo neengcali zoshishino eUnited Kingdom, eUnited States naseYurophu.
“Impendulo ibintle kakhulu,” utshilo uGqr. Laird. “Imibutho yeempahla zelaphu neyokuhlamba impahla kwihlabathi liphela ngoku isebenzisa ulwazi oluphambili kwizikhokelo zethu zokuhlamba imali yezempilo ukuthintela ukusasazeka ngakumbi kwe-coronavirus.”
UDavid Stevens, umphathi omkhulu weBritish Textile Services Association, umbutho worhwebo lweshishini leenkonzo zokhathalelo lwempahla, uthe: “Kwimeko yobhubhane, siyaqonda ukuba impahla ayisiyonto iphambili ebangela i-coronavirus.
"Nangona kunjalo, asinalo ulwazi malunga nokuzinza kwezi ntsholongwane kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zelaphu kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuhlamba. Oku kukhokelele ekubeni kubekho ulwazi olungeyonyani olusasazekileyo kunye neengcebiso ezigqithisileyo zokuhlamba.
“Siziqwalasele ngokweenkcukacha iindlela kunye neendlela zophando ezisetyenziswa nguGqr. Laird kunye neqela lakhe, saza safumanisa ukuba olu phando lunokuthenjwa, lunokuphindaphindwa kwaye lunokuphindaphindwa. Isiphelo salo msebenzi owenziwe yi-DMU siqinisa indima ebalulekileyo yokulawula ungcoliseko-nokuba ikhaya lisekwindawo yemizi-mveliso.”
Iphepha lophando lipapashwe kwi-Open Access Journal of the American Society for Microbiology.
Ukuze kwenziwe uphando olongezelelekileyo, eli qela likwasebenzisane neqela le-DMU lezengqondo kunye neLeicester NHS Trust University Hospital kwiprojekthi yokuphanda ulwazi kunye nesimo sengqondo sabahlengikazi kunye nabasebenzi bezonyango malunga nokucoca iiyunifomu ngexesha lobhubhane we-Covid-19.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Juni-18-2021