Tsananguro yeSarudzo dzeMachira eMadhirezi eChipatara

Kusarudzwa kwemachira kunoita basa rakakosha pakuona kuchengetedzeka kwemurwere nevashandi vehutano. Hunhu hwemachira emuchipatara hunokanganisa zvakananga kudzora hutachiona uye kunyaradzwa kwemurwere munzvimbo dzekurapa. Kusarudzwa kwemachira asina kunaka kunogona kuwedzera njodzi yekukuvara kwekumanikidzwa uye kudzikamisa kufamba kwemurwere. Varwere vanowanzo shaya simba pamusoro pemagadzirirwo emachira, izvo zvinokanganisa kunyaradzwa uye chiremera chemunhu.

Zvinhu Zvinokosha Zvaunofanira Kuziva

• Machira akasiyana-siyana emuchipatara anopa dziviriro yakasiyana-siyana uye kunyaradza. Machira asina kurukwa akadai seSMS anopa zvidziviriro zvakasimba kubva kuhutachiona, nepo machira akarukwa akadai sedonje achipa nyaradzo.
• Madhirezi emuchipatara anoongororwa kuti anomisa sei mvura nehutachiona. Madhirezi eAAMI (1-4) anoratidza kuti dhirezi rinopa dziviriro yakakura sei, Level 4 iriyo yepamusoro.
• Magauni emuchipatara anogona kushandiswazve anobatsira nharaunda uye anogona kuchengetedza mari. Anoderedza marara uye anoshandisa simba nemvura shoma zvichienzaniswa nemagauni anoraswa.

Kunzwisisa Mapoka Ejira Remuchipatara

Machira Asina Kurukwa Emagown Echipatara

Machira asina kurukwa anowanzo shandiswa pakugadziramagauni echipataraVagadziri vanogadzira zvinhu izvi nekubatanidza machira pamwe chete pane kuaruka. Imwe nzira huru ndeyekuspunbonding. Maitiro aya anoshandisa kupisa nekumanikidza kugadzira jira rakasimba, rakareruka. Imwe nzira yakakosha ndeyekunyungudutsa. Pano, zvinhu zvakanyungudutswa zvinobuda pajira, zvobva zvatonhorera uye zvooma. Rutivi urwu runopa chidziviriro chinoshanda kubva kumvura nemabhakitiriya. Kubatanidza maitiro espunbond nemeltblown kunoita kuti jira rive rakareruka, rinofema, uye rinodzivirira kubvaruka. Musanganiswa uyu unodzivirira kupararira kwehutachiona.

Machira Akarukwa Emagown Echipatara

Machira akarukwa anopa imwe sarudzo yemagown echipatara, kunyanya emhando dzinoshandiswazve. Midziyo yakajairika yefaibha inosanganisira 100% monofilament polyester. Mamwe machira akarukwa anosanganisira 99% polyester ine 1% carbon fiber stripe. Iyi carbon fiber inobatsira pakupararira kwesimbi uye kuramba mvura. Kare, misanganiswa yedonje nepoly-donje yaive yakajairika kumagown anogona kushandiswazve. Zvisinei, hunhu hwavo hune maburi hunoita kuti tupukanana tupfuure nepakati. Machira eMicro-filament ane filaments dzakarukwa zvakasimba, dzakatetepa. Vagadziri vanogadzirisa izvi ne hydrophobic agent kuti vawedzere hunhu hwavo hwekudzivirira.

Zvinhu Zvakasanganiswa Mumagauni Echipatara

Zvechokwadinzira dzekurapa, chinhu chine ply imwe chete chingasave nezvinovhara zvakakwana. Muzviitiko izvi, zvinhu zvine composite zvinopa dziviriro yakawedzerwa. Vagadziri vanogadzira zvinhu zvine composite nekuwedzera zvidimbu, machira, kana zvinosimbisa. Kuisa zvidimbu uku kunovandudza hunhu hwechigadzirwa senge kunyudza, kuramba kutsvedza, uye simba. Musanganiswa wezvinhu zvakajairika zvinosanganisira pulp yehuni nepolypropylene (PP) fibers. Semuenzaniso, musanganiswa we70% pulp yehuni ne30% PP fibers unogadzira jira re spunlace rine jira rimwe chete. Purp yehuni inokurumidza kunwisa mvura, nepo PP fibers ichipa chimiro chakasimba. Iyi composite inobvumira kutenderera kwemhepo uku ichivhara mabhakitiriya nemvura. Machira ane composite anogonawo kusanganisira inorganic antibacterial agents, senge silver ion-modified fibers, dzakabatanidzwa panguva yekubuda kwefiber.

Hunhu hweMachira eMachira eChipatara Akajairika

Kunzwisisa hunhu hwemhando dzakasiyana dzemachira emuchipatara kunobatsira zvipatara kuti zviite sarudzo dzakarongeka. Chishandiso chimwe nechimwe chine zvakanakira zvakasiyana munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekurapa uye mazinga ekudzivirira.

Jira rePolypropylene Spunbond

Machira epolypropylene spunbond isarudzo yakakurumbira yemagauni echipatara anoraswa. Vagadziri vanogadzira chinhu ichi nekubvisa polypropylene yakanyungudutswa vozoitenderedza kuita mashinda matete. Vanobva vabatanidza mashinda aya pamwe chete vachishandisa kupisa nekumanikidza. Maitiro aya anoita kuti jira rive rakareruka, rinofema, uye risingadhuri. Rinopa mwero wekutanga wekudzivirira mvura uye tambo dzinodzivirira tupukanana. Vashandi vezvehutano vanowanzo shandisa magauni epolypropylene spunbond pakurapa kusina njodzi kana pakutarisira varwere vese uko kudzivirira kwakanyanya kwezvipingamupinyi kusiri iko kunonyanya kukosha.

Jira reSpunbond Meltblown Spunbond (SMS)

Jira reSMS rinomiririra kufambira mberi kukuru muhunyanzvi husina kurukwa hwemagown echipatara. Rine zvikamu zvitatu: zvikamu zviviri zvekunze zvespunbond (S) uye chikamu chemukati chemeltblown (M). Zvikamu zvespunbond zvinopa simba uye kugara kwenguva refu, nepo chikamu chemeltblown chichishanda sechidziviriro chakakosha. Chimiro ichi chemeltblown chinonyatsovhara mvura nezvidimbu zvidiki zvidiki.

SMS nonwovens dzinoratidza kushanda zvakanaka mukudzivirira kutapurirana kweS. aureusuyeE. colimune mhinduro dzemunyu zvichienzaniswa nemachira akarukwa. Magauni akagadzirwa nepolypropylene, kusanganisira maSMS laminates, anopa dziviriro yakakura kubva pakupinza kwehutachiona pakati pezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaedzwa. Rutivi rwakanyungudika mujira reSMS runopa chipingamupinyi chisingapindike kuhutachiona uye runoita kuti kupfapfaidzwa kwehutachiona kusvike pa95% (VFE) kumavhairasi madiki se0.1 microns.

Jira reSMS rinopa simba rakanaka rekudzivirira mvura. Funga nezvekuenzanisa kunotevera kwekumanikidzwa kwemvura, uko kunoyera simba rejira rekudzivirira mvura kupinda:

Ruzivo urwu runoratidza kuti jira reSMS rinoshanda zvakanyanya kupfuura spunbond polypropylene mukusapindirana nemvura, kunyanya kana richirema zvakanyanya. SMS inobudirirawo mukushanda zvakanaka kwebhakitiriya (BFE):

Magown eSMS anoderedza zvakanyanya njodzi yekusvibiswa uye kutapurirana kwebhakitiriya. Ongororo dzinoratidza kuti magown eSMS anoderedza njodzi yekusvibiswa ne68% zvichienzaniswa nemagown ePP akajairwa. Akadzikisawo huwandu hwekupararira kwebhakitiriya ne67% zvichienzaniswa nemachira akarukwa. Izvi zvinoita kutiTumira SMS chinhu chaunofarira pakushandisa magauni ekuvhiyauye mamwe mashandisirwo ane zvipingamupinyi zvikuru.

Jira rePolyethylene

Jira rePolyethylene (PE) rinozivikanwa nekusapinda mvura zvakanyanya. Vagadziri vanowanzorishandisa pakuisa majasi ekuparadzanisa majasi uko kwakakosha kudzivirira mvura yakakwana. Majasi eChlorinated polyethylene (CPE), ayo anowanzo shandiswa, anopa dziviriro yakasimba.

• Maumbirwo emakemikari eCPE anopa simba uye kuchinjika. Izvi zvinoita kuti ikwanise kushandiswa sezvipfeko zvinodzivirira zvinogona kuraswa mumamiriro ekunze akanyorova uye akaoma.
• Magauni eCPE haapindi mvura. Simende yakakosha yepolymer uye namatidziro zvinoumba jira rakasimba risingapindi mvura.
• Dzinoratidza kusakwegura, zvichiita kuti dzishandiswe mumamiriro ekunze akaoma uye munzvimbo dzakaoma. Dzinewo kusasimba kwakakwana kuozone, iyo inokosha panguva yezvirwere.
• Vanachiremba vanopfeka magauni eCPE ekuparadzanisa vanhu pavanenge vachivhiyiwa kuti varambe vasina utachiona uye kuti murwere agare akachengeteka.
• Magauni eCPE anobatsira kudzivirira kupararira kwehutachiona nemavhairasi muzvipatara nemumayunitsi ekurerera, zvichiita kuti pave nehutsanana.

Magown eRitmed® AssureWear® Polyethylene Isolation, semuenzaniso, ane dhizaini yepamusoro-soro ine macuffs echigunwe. Magown aya akagadzirwa ne spunbond polyethylene uye ane misono yakasonerwa kuti asimbise zvakanyanya. Haana latex uye akaiswa muboka remhando ye "isolation gauni". Hunhu hwavo hunoratidza kushanda kwawo mukudzivirira.

Machira eGowns eChipatara eDonje neDonje

Machira emusanganiswa wedonje nedonje ndiwo marongero echinyakare emadhirezi echipatara anogona kushandiswazve. Anopa nyaradzo huru uye kufema kwakanaka kune varwere.

Dzakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvinonyaradza uye zvinofema zvakaita sedonje kana musanganiswa wedonje, magauni edu evarwere anonyanya kufadza murwere ukuwo achinyatsoona kuti anofukidzwa zvakanaka.

Kunyange zvazvo donje richinyaradza, hunhu hwedonje hune maburi hunoreva kuti harina simba rekudzivirira mvura. Izvi zvinoderedza kushandiswa kwaro munzvimbo dzinoda dziviriro yakakura. Misanganiswa yedonje, inowanzo shandiswa nepolyester, ine chinangwa chekuvandudza kugara kwenguva refu uye kuderedza kuderera kwedonje uku ichichengetedza kunyaradzwa kwaro. Kuchengetedza kusimba kwemagown aya kunoda nzira dzakatarwa dzekuwacha. Magown akasviba anocheneswa zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kuwacha, kucheneswa, uye kucheneswa. Matanho chaiwo anoenderana nerudzi rwegown uye huwandu hwekusvibiswa kwaro. Magown anogadziriswazve, akadai semagown ejira reyero repakati nepakati, akagadzirwa nejira re55/45 polyester-dotton rakasimba uye rinofema. Musanganiswa uyu wakagadzirirwa kushandiswa kakawanda uye kuwachwa pasina kukanganisa hunhu hwawo hwekudzivirira. Izvi zvinoita kuti rikwanise kushandiswa munzvimbo dzinoda hutano.

Machira ePolyester nePolyester Blend Hospital Gowns

Machira epolyester nepolyester anowanikwa mumagauni echipatara anogona kushandiswazve nekuda kwekugara kwawo kwenguva refu, kusimba, uye kuramba kuderera kana kukwinya. Polyester inopa simba rakanaka rekudzivirira makemikari uye haitore mvura, zvichiita kuti ive chidziviriro chiri nani kubva kune zvimwe zvinosvibisa kupfuura donje.

Semuenzaniso, majasi epolyester lab akasimba uye anogara kwenguva refu. Zvisinei, majasi edonje lab haapi simba rakawanda pamvura nemakemikari. Misanganiswa yepolyester inowanzo sanganisa polyester nedonje kuti ienzane nekugadzikana kwakasimba uye kuramba mvura. Machira aya anogona kutsungirira kuwacha kwakasiyana-siyana uku achichengetedza hunhu hwawo hwekudzivirira.

Maneja wenzvimbo yekuongorora dialysis akataura kuti magauni akatadza kushanda zvakanaka pasi pe90% yesimba rawo rekutanga rekudhonza mushure mekugezwa ka20 akanzi haana kukodzera. Izvi zvakaita kuti pave nepolyester yakasanganiswa, iyo yakaramba yakasimba ne95% mushure mekugezwa ka60. Izvi zvinoratidza kugara kwenguva refu uye kushanda zvakanaka kwepolyester pamwe chete nemisanganiswa yayo mumagauni echipatara anogona kushandiswazve.

Zvinodiwa Zvikuru Pakushanda Kwejira Remagowns Echipatara

Zvivako zvehutano zvinoongorora nokungwarira zvinhu zvakakosha zvakakosha pakusarudzajira remagown echipataraIzvi zvinovimbisa kuchengetedzeka kwevarwere, kuchengetedzwa kwevashandi vehutano, uye kushanda zvakanaka.

Kuramba Mvura uye Dziviriro Yezvipingamupinyi

Kusabatwa nemvura mumuviri ndicho chinhu chikuru chinonetsa magauni emuchipatara. Zvinodzivirira kupinda kweropa, mvura mumuviri, nezvimwe zvinwiwa mumuviri. Sangano reAssociation for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) rakagadzira hurongwa hwekupatsanura (Levels 1-4) kuti riongorore kupindira kwemvura mumuviri.

• Magauni eLevel 1 haapi dziviriro yakawanda kubva pakusvibiswa nemvura shoma. Vagadziri vanoedza magauni aya kuti vaone kana angoshandiswa nemvura chete, vachishandisa nzira dzakadai seAATCC 42.
• Magauni eLevel 2 anopa dziviriro yakareruka kusvika ine mwero kubva pakupindwa nemvura. Anoedzwa kuti aone kana paine kukanganiswa kwemvura (semuenzaniso, AATCC 42) uye kumanikidzwa kwemvura (semuenzaniso, AATCC 127).
• Majasi ekuvhiya, kazhinji Level 3 neLevel 4, vanoshandisa mazita eAAMI. Ane dziviriro yakasimba munzvimbo dzakakosha dzemaitiro akakosha.

Mazinga eAAMI ejira remachira echipatara anoongororwa uchishandisa nzira dzakajairwa dzekuyedza. ASTM F1670 neASTM F1671 ndiwo akaomarara. Miedzo iyi inosanganisira mvura yemuviri uye masimulants ehutachiona anoburitswa neropa. Magauni anopfuura ASTM F1671 chete ndiwo anoiswa muchikamu cheLevel 4. Izvi zvinoratidza kusapinda kwehutachiona. Mazinga akaderera (1, 2, uye 3) anoedzwa mumvura. Anoratidza kuramba kuri kuwedzera kumvura ine simba guru pamusoro. Vagadziri vanotaurawo nezvekushanda kwayo vachipesana neAATCC 42 neAATCC 127. Mitemo yeEurope inoshandisa ISO pakuongorora kushanda kwayo kwakafanana.

Zvinodiwa nemutemo zvinosiyana pamagauni ekuvhiya uye ekuparadzanisa.

• Majasi ekuvhiya:
  • Nzvimbo yakakosha inosanganisira chikamu chepamberi (nzvimbo A) uye maoko epasi (nzvimbo B).
  • Kupatsanura kunobva pakushanda kwakaderera kwenzvimbo mbiri idzi.
  • Nzvimbo yese yekumberi kwejasi (nzvimbo A, B, naC) inofanira kunge iine miganhu yeLevel 1.
  • Kumashure kwejasi (nzvimbo D) kunogona kusadzivirira.
• Magauni ekuzviparadzanisa nevamwe:
  • Nguo yese inoonekwa senzvimbo yakakosha. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekusangana kusingatarisirwi kweropa, mvura yemuviri, nezvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kutapuriranwa (OPIM).
  • Gauni rese rekuzviparadzanisa, kusanganisira misono (tisingabatanidzi macuffs, mipendero, uye zvisungo), rinofanira kuita kuti rive rakakwana.
  • Magauni ekupfeka ega akavhurika musana haasviki padanho rakakosha. Haakwanise kupihwa chiyero.

FDA inoona magauni ekuvhiya sezvishandiso zveClass II. Anoda chiziviso chisati chatengeswa (510k inotumirwa). Magauni ekuvhiya anofanira kunyorwa seAAMI Level 3 kana 4 kana akatengeswa se'surgical' muUS. Haagone kuzviti iAAMI Level 1 kana 2 kana akatengeswa se'surgical'. Magauni ekuparadzanisa anogona kuverengerwa paAAMI Level 1-4 kana kuti asina kuverengerwa. Magauni ekuparadzanisa eLevel 1 ne2 izvishandiso zveClass I. Haadi chiziviso chisati chatengeswa. Magauni ekuparadzanisa eLevel 3 ne4 izvishandiso zvine njodzi huru. Anoda chiziviso chisati chatengeswa. Mhando dzese dzemagauni dziri pasi pe21 CFR 878.4040. FDA inoona magauni ane dziviriro iri pakati nepakati kusvika pakakwirira (Level 3 ne4) sezvishandiso zvine njodzi huru.

Tafura inotevera inopfupikisa mazinga eAAMI uye nzira dzawo dzekuyedza dzinoenderana uye kushanda kwezvipingamupinyi:

Kubudirira kweMicrobial Barrier

Kushanda zvakanaka kwezvidziviriro zvemabhakitiriya kunoyera kugona kwejira kudzivirira mabhakitiriya nemavhairasi. Izvi zvakakosha pakudzivirira hutachiona. Kune zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirirwa kudzivirira tunhu twunobuda mumhepo uye zvinosvibisa zvipenyu, kushanda zvakanaka kwekusefa ndicho chikamu chakakosha chekuedza. Iyi mhuri yemiedzo inopa ruzivo rwakayerwa pamusoro pekugona kwechinhu ichi kushanda sechidziviriro chemuviri kubva kutupukanana netupukanana.

Tafura inotevera inotsanangura nzira dzakajairika dzekuyedza kuti utachiona hushande zvakanaka sei:

Kuongororwa kwekushanda zvakanaka kwehutachiona (VFE) kwakakosha zvikuru. Mavhairasi madiki zvakanyanya pane mabhakitiriya. Izvi zvinoita kuti ave dambudziko guru kune fine filter media. VFE rating yakakwira haigone kutaurwa nezvayo kune chero chigadzirwa chinoti chinodzivirira kubva kuhutachiona hwehutachiona hunobva mumhepo. Marabhoritari anofanirawo kuve nechokwadi chekuti mhepo inoyerera (yakayerwa kuburikidza neΔP) inoramba yakaderera zvakakwana kuti mushandisi achengetedzeke. Izvi zvinopa chiyero chakakosha pakati pekugona kufema nekudzivirira.

Pakusefa mabhakitiriya, machira anofanira kusvika padanho re98% reBacterial Filtration Efficiency (BFE). ASTM F2101 inoyera izvi. Pakusefa mabhakitiriya, machira anofanira kuratidza kudzikira kwemabasa ehutachiona kanenge katatu. Izvi zvinoreva kuuraya 99.9% yezvirwere zvinotapukira. ISO 20743 inoongorora izvi.

Kufema Uye Kunyaradzwa

Kufema kwemachira, kusanganisira ayo anoshandiswa pazvipfeko zvechipatara, kunoyerwa nechiyero chavo chekubvumidzwa kwemhepo. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti mhepo inopfuura nyore sei nepazvinhu zvacho. Chiyero ichi chakakosha pakushandiswa kwacho. Chiyero chepamusoro chinoratidza machira anofema zviri nani. Chiyero chidiki chinoratidza kufema kushoma. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinopesvedzera kubvumidzwa kwemhepo mujira. Izvi zvinosanganisira ukobvu hwefiber (fibers dzakatetepa dzinowanzo wedzera kubvumidzwa), rudzi rweweave (kurukwa kwakasimba kunoderedza kuyerera kwemhepo, nepo kusungirirwa kwakasununguka kuchiisimudzira), uye kupedzisa kwejira (mamwe mafinishi anovhara kuyerera kwemhepo, nepo mamwe achisimudzira kubvumidzwa kwekufema). Nzira dzakajairika dzekuyedza kubvumidzwa kwemhepo dzinosanganisira ASTM D737 neISO 9237. Izvi zvinosanganisira michina yakasarudzika yekuyera mwero wekuyerera kwemhepo kuburikidza nemasampuli ejira. Mhedzisiro yacho inosarudza chiyero chekubvumidzwa kwemhepo. Izvi zvinotungamira kusarudzwa kwezvinhu kuti zviite zvakanaka.

Pamachira akajairika, kupindira kwemhepo kunowanzova pakati pe100 kusvika 300 L/m²/s. Machira ane kupindira kwemhepo kwakaderera, kazhinji pasi pe100 L/m²/s, haapindi mhepo zvakanyanya. Vagadziri vanoashandisa muzvipfeko zvekudzivirira kana mhepo yakaganhurirwa ichidikanwa. Kupinda kwemhepo kwakakwirira, kunodarika 300 L/m²/s, zvinoreva machira anopindika mweya zvakanyanya. Aya akakodzera zvipfeko zvemitambo uye zvipfeko zvinoshanda. Machira ekurapa, akadai seaya ezvipfeko zvechipatara, ane zvinodiwa zvakasiyana zve 'kupindira kwemhepo kwakadzorwa'. Izvi zvinoenzanisa dziviriro nekufema. Zvinoita kuti kuchinjana kwemhepo kwakakodzera kuti murwere anyaradzwe uye agare akachengeteka.

Kare, majasi ekuvhiya anogona kushandiswazve aigadzirwa nedonje remuslin. Iri raive jira rakarukwa zvisina kusimba, rinofema zvakanaka rine mhepo yakawanda. Zvisinei, kuramba kwaro kupinda mumvura kwakaderera kwakaita kuti riderere kushandiswa. Majasi emazuva ano anowanzo shandisa polyester kana polyester-dotton mixes. Kunyange zvazvo polyester-dotton mixes yaipa nyaradzo yakanaka pakupisa, akatarisanawo nematambudziko ekudzivirira kupinda mumvura. Majasi epolyester akarukwa zvakasimba anopa dziviriro yakawedzerwa. Zvisinei, anogona kukonzera kusagadzikana nekuda kwekudzikama kwekupisa. Majasi asina kurukwa, anowanzo shandiswa pamajasi anoshandiswa kamwe chete, anosanganisira spunlace, spunbond–meltblown–spunbond (SMS), nezvinhu zvakanyorova. Mamwe majasi asina kurukwa akaongororwa seanotonhorera nekuda kwehuremu hwakareruka. Zvisinei, majasi asina kurukwa akamboomerwa nekuda kwekudzikama kwawo kwemhepo uye mwero wekufambisa kwemhepo. Izvi zvinokanganisa mwero wekunyaradzwa.

Hunhu hwakawanda hwemachira hunobatsira zvikuru mukunyaradza kupisa kwemurwere uye kutarisira hunyoro:

• Hunhu hwakanaka hwehunyoro, kuoma nekukurumidza, uye kusapisa zvakanyanya uye kusaputika kwemvura zvinobatsira pakunyaradza kwakanyanya. Jira repolyester 8 rezvipfeko zvemitambo muenzaniso.
• Kusapisa zvakanyanya uye kusimba kwemhepo uye kuoma kwenguva refu kunoita kuti isanyanya kugadzikana. Mucheka wechina muenzaniso.
• Hunhu hwakanaka hwekuchengetedza hunyoro, kusapisa zvakanyanya uye kusasimba kwemhepo, uye nguva pfupi yekuoma zvinoratidza machira akasununguka. Mucheka 10 muenzaniso.
• Kusapisa zvakanyanya uye kusapinda kwemhepo, kudzika kwemvura inobuda, uye nguva yekuoma kwenguva refu zvinosanganiswa nemachira asina kugadzikana. Mienzaniso yemachira ekudzivirira kupisa 18, 5, 4, 10, 2, 9, uye 17.

Kukora kwejira nekukora kwaro zvinopesvedzera kuramba kupisa nekupisa kwemvura. Kudzideredza kunoderedza kuramba kwemhepo. Izvi zvinobatsira mumamiriro ekupisa. Hunhu hwemvura inoyerera hunokosha mumamiriro ekupisa ane huwandu hwakawanda hwekudikitira. Machira anokurumidza kupinza nekutakura hunyoro kubva paganda anowedzera kugadzikana. Nguo dzakarukwa dzakanyorova dzinoderedza kugadzikana. Kuwedzera kwehunyoro mu microclimate yeganda-yezvipfeko kunoderedza kugadzikana kunoonekwa. Hukama hwakasimba huripo pakati pekuwedzera kwehunyoro uye kudzikira kwerunyararo rwekupisa. Mumamiriro ekunze anodziya, kunyorova kweganda kunoenderana zvakanyanya nekugadzikana kwekupisa kunoonekwa kupfuura tembiricha yepamusoro yeganda.

Pane hukama hwakanaka pakati penguva yekuoma, kuramba kupwanyika (Ret), uye kuramba kupisa (Rct). Izvi zvinoratidza kuti machira ane kuramba kupisa kwakanyanya uye kunyorova kunotora nguva yakareba kuti aome. Nguva yekuoma inoenderana nekumhanya kwekupararira kwehunyoro (MWR).B) uye hunyoro hwemvura kumeso ekunze (SSBIzvi zvinoreva kuti kupararira kwemvura nekukurumidza uye huwandu hwemvura yakawanda zvinobatsira pakuoma nekukurumidza. Muenzaniso we thermo-physiological comfort performance (TCP) unosanganisira zvinhu zvakakosha zvejira. Izvi zvinosanganisira huremu, kumhanya kwemvura, uye kuramba kusvibiswa. Fabric 8 (86% PES + 14% EL) yakaonekwa seyakanyanya kugadzikana. Izvi zvakakonzerwa nehunhu hwayo hwakanaka hwekugadzirisa kupisa. Kuedza kweWear kwakasimbisa izvi, uko vanopfuura 80% yevatori vechikamu vakaona kuti yakanakisa.

Kugara kwenguva refu uye Kugona Kushandiswazve

Kugara kwenguva refu chinhu chakakosha pamagown emuchipatara anogona kushandiswazve. Izvi zvinosarudza kuti gown rinogona kuramba rakacheneswa kangani kana richibviswa mushonga wekuuraya utachiona uku richichengetedza hunhu hwaro hwekudzivirira.

Nguva yepakati pehupenyu hwegown rinogadziriswazve rinowachwa inosvika makumi matanhatu nemana. Magown aya anogona kushandiswazve anowanzo gadzirwa nejira rakarukwa repolyester.

Kugara kwenguva refu uku kunoita kuti magauni anogona kushandiswazve ave sarudzo inogara kwenguva refu. Zvisinei, zvivakwa zvinofanirwa kushandisa matanho akasimba ekudzora mhando. Izvi zvinoita kuti magauni arambe akachengeteka mushure mekusukwa kwega kwega. Kuongororwa nguva dzose kana pakabvaruka, paine maburi, kana kuti misono yakakanganisika kwakakosha.

Kushanda Kwemari Yakawanda Uye Kukanganisa Kwakakomberedza

Zvivako zvehutano zviri kuramba zvichifunga nezvekushandisa mari zvakanaka uye kukanganisa nharaunda pakusarudza magauni echipatara.

Ongororo yehupenyu hwese ichienzanisa masisitimu emagauni anogona kushandiswazve uye anogona kuraswa panzvimbo yekuchengetedza hutano yakaratidza mabhenefiti akakosha ezvakatipoteredza emagauni anogona kushandiswazve:

• Kuderedzwa kwe28% mukushandiswa kwesimba
• Kuderedzwa kwe30% kwemhepo inokonzera kudziya kwepasi
• Kuderedzwa kwe41% mukushandiswa kwemvura yebhuruu
• Kuderedzwa kwe93% mukugadzirwa kwemarara akaomarara

Bazi rezvehutano reUS rinobatsira zvikuru mukurasa marara uye kuburitsa magasi anodziya pasi. Basa rekurapa rinoita kuti marara asvike 70% muzvipatara zveUS. Izvi zvinosvika mabhiriyoni 2.8 emapaunzi pagore. Mashandiro anowanzo gadzira marara anosvika mapaundi 50 pachikamu chimwe nechimwe. Kuvhiyiwa kwemapfupa nemwoyo kunoburitsa mapaundi anosvika 200. Kugadzirwa kwemarara muzvipatara zveUS kwakawedzera ne15% pagore kubvira muna 1992. Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nekushandiswa kwemidziyo inoraswa. Machira anoraswa, kusanganisira magauni ekuvhiya, ndiwo anonyanya kukonzera marara mumakamuri ekuvhiyira.

Tafura inotevera inoenzanisa kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kwemagauni ekuvhiya anogona kushandiswazve kana kuti anoraswa:

Tsvagiridzo inogara ichiratidza kuti machira ekuchengetedza hutano anogona kushandiswazve (HCTs), kusanganisira magauni ekuvhiya, anotungamira mukudzikira kwemigumisiro yezvakatipoteredza zvichienzaniswa neaya anoraswa. Mabhenefiti aya anosanganisira kudzikira kwemhepo inoburitsa kabhoni, kudzikira kwekushandiswa kwemvura, kushomeka kwemarara akaomarara, uye kudzikira kwekushandiswa kwesimba. Denda reCOVID-19 rakaratidzawo kugadzikana kwemaPPE system anotenderera anogona kushandiswazve pamusoro pemaketani emagetsi anoraswa. Pasinei nezvakanaka izvi zvakatipoteredza, maHCT anogona kushandiswazve parizvino anomiririra chikamu chidiki chePPE inowanikwa muUS.

Kukanganiswa kwePPE inoshandiswazve uye inoraswa munzvimbo inogarwa kunogona kuderedzwa kuburikidza nekugadzirwa kwenzvimbo inogarwa. Izvi zvinoderedza daro rekutakura. Kunyange hazvo magauni anogona kushandiswazve akaremara, kukanganisa kwekutakurwa kwawo munzvimbo inogarwa kwakaderera kana tichienzanisa nemaitiro ekugadzira. Marara eChikamu A ekutakura (zvinhu zvinotapukira zvakanyanya) anodhura zvakanyanya uye akaomarara kupfuura marara ekurapa anogarwa. Anoda kurongedza kwakawanda uye nzira dzinogona kuoma. PPE inoraswa inogona kuwedzera mapaundi makumi matanhatu kusvika makumi manomwe emapaunzi epakeji pabhini. Izvi zvinowedzera mari yekufambisa uye mhedzisiro yezvakatipoteredza. Kusarongedza zvinhu zvisiri izvo muzvipatara kunoita kuti kusvika ku70% yemarara ekurapa anogarwa anogarwa zvisirizvo. Izvi zvinowedzera mutoro wemari nemitengo yezvakatipoteredza. Kuderedza kurudziro dzePPE zvichibva pakunzwisisa kwesainzi njodzi, sezvinoonekwa neMRSA neVRE, kunogonawo kubatsira nharaunda.

Kuenzanisa mitengo yehupenyu hwese kunobatsirawo sarudzo dzinogona kushandiswazve:

| Chinhu | Magown Anoraswa (Asati Ashandurwa) | Magown Anodzokororwa (Mushure meKushandurwa) | Kuchengetedza/Kuderedza | | :———————————– | :—————————– | :————————– | :—————- | | Huwandu hweMarara (lbs paAPD) | 19 | 17.4 | 1.7 lbs (9%) | | Mari yeEVS (masendi paAPD) | $2.06 | $1.88 | 18¢ (9%) | | Mari Yese Yakachengetwa & Yevashandi (paAPD) | N/A | N/A | 30¢ | | Mutengo paKushandiswa kweGown (kusanganisira kuwacha)| N/A | 58¢ (Gown 13¢ + 45¢ kuwacha) | N/A | | Mutengo weGown Rinoshandiswa Rimwe Chete | 60¢ | N/A | N/A | | Mutengo Wese paGown (mushure mekuchengetedza marara) | N/A | 28¢ | 53% kuchengetedza | | Kuchengetedza Kwegore reUCLA Health | N/A | $450,000 | N/A | | Marara Ehutano eUCLA Akatsauswa | N/A | matani 1,180 | N/A | | Mutengo weCarilion Clinic pakushandisa Gown | 79¢ | 39¢ | 50% yekuchengetedza | | Mari Yekuchengetedza yeCarilion Clinic (makore matatu) | N/A | $850,000 | N/A | | Marara ECarilion Clinic Akabviswa (makore matatu) | N/A | 515,000 lbs | N/A | | Kudzoserwa Kwemidziyo Yekuvhiya (pamaitiro) | N/A | $1.50 | N/A | | UNC Rex Healthcare Annual Instrument Savings| N/A | $60,000 | N/A | | Mari Yekufukidza Yekuchenesa | N/A | 58% | N/A |

Nhamba idzi dzinoratidza kuti kushandura magauni anogona kushandiswazve kunogona kutungamira mukuchengetedza mari yakawanda uye kuderedza marara ehurongwa hwehutano.

Kusarudzwa kwemachira emuchipatara neruzivo kuchiri kukosha pakutarisira varwere zvakanaka uye kuchengetedzeka. Kufambira mberi kuri kuitwa, senge tekinoroji yeAGXX, kunowedzera zvakanyanya kudzora hutachiona nekuuraya mabhakitiriya nemavhairasi zvinobudirira. Zvitsva zvemangwana zvinotarisawo pazvinhu zvinogara kwenguva refu zvakaita sePolylactic Acid (PLA), iyo inoderedza kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza. Izvi zvinovimbisa machira ekurapa akachengeteka uye ane hushamwari kune nharaunda.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Ndeupi musiyano mukuru uripo pakati pemachira akarukwa neasina kurukwa echipatara?

Machira akarukwa anosunga shinda, zvichiita kuti magauni agare kwenguva refu. Machira asina kurukwa anobatanidza shinda pamwe chete, zvichiita kuti pave nesarudzo dzakareruka, dzinoraswa uye dzine hunhu hunoshanda hwekudzivirira.

Sei zvipatara zvichishandisa machira eSMS pamagowns akawanda?

Jira reSMS rinopa simba rekudzivirira mvura uye rinoshanda zvakanaka pakudzivirira utachiona. Chimiro charo chine mativi akawanda chinovhara mvura nezvirwere, zvichideredza zvakanyanya njodzi dzekusvibiswa panguva yekurapwa.

Magown emuchipatara anogona kushandiswazve akachengeteka here pane anoraswa?

Ehe, zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti magauni anogona kushandiswazve anoderedza zvakanyanya kukanganisa nharaunda. Anoshandisa simba shoma nemvura shoma, anokonzera kuburitswa kwemagasi ekupisa, uye anokonzera marara mashoma muhupenyu hwawo hwese. ♻️